The atmosphere of the Sun is highly structured and dynamic in nature. From the photosphere and chromosphere into the transition region and the corona plasma-β changes from above to below one, i.e. while in the lower atmosphere the energy density of the plasma dominates, in the upper atmosphere the magnetic field plays the governing role — one might speak of a " magnetic transition ". Therefore ...

We address some problems of network aggregation that are central to organizational studies. We show that concepts of network equivalence (including generalizations and special cases of structural equivalence) are relevant to the modeling of the aggregation of social categories in cross-classification tables portraying relations within an organizational field (analogous to onemode networks). We ...

-In this paper, the transient forced convective condensing flow of a gas through a packed bed is analyzed. The model developed for this analysis does not employ any local thermal equilibrium assumption between the solid and the fluid phases. Inertial as well as viscous effects are considered in the vapor phase momentum equation by using the Ergun-Forchheimer relation. Thermal charging of the pa...

This paper describes a method for manipulating a threedimensional object without considering conventional three independent orthogonal views. We apply the direct manipulation to operate the three-dimensional object. We propose “augmented manipulation” which is an enhanced direct manipulation technique by using additional information. We implement three-dimensional modeling tool “Claymore” by us...

We describes a method for manipulating a threedimensional object without considering conventional three independent orthogonal views. We apply the direct manipulation method to operate the threedimensional object. We propose \augmented manipulation" method which is an enhanced direct manipulation technique by using additional information. We implement three-dimensional modeling tool \Claymore" ...

The effect on raft foundation of a barrage due to varying stratum has been examined using finite element analysis. The raft foundation is completely resting on soil media and surrounded by soil and rock media. Eight noded brick elements have been used for three-dimensional modeling and meshing of the rock, soil, cut-off, pier, beam and abutment but raft foundation has been meshed using plate el...

Three-dimensional modeling from images, when carried out entirely by a human, can be time consuming and impractical for large-scale projects. On the other hand, full automation may be unachievable or not accurate enough for many applications such as culture heritage documentation. In addition, three-dimensional modeling from images, particularly fully automated methods, requires the extraction ...

When a person stands between a projector and a display surface a shadow occurs. We show a method to perform shadow removal using camera-based object tracking and a three-dimensional model of a room, which includes cameras, projectors, and flat surfaces. For tracking people, although we use cameras, other methods would work. To obtain the model, we adapted and use existing geometric calibration ...

The concept of spacetime has long been used in physics to refer to models that integrate 3D space and time as a single 4D continuum. We argue in this paper that it is also advantageous to use this concept in a practical geographic context by realizing a true 4D model, where time is modeled and implemented as a dimension in the same manner as the three spatial dimensions. Within this paper we fo...

in the current study, an effort is made to determine three dimensional bearing capacity of rectangular foundations using discrete element method. the soil mass is modeled as discrete blocks connected with winkler springs. different factors affect the geometry of failure surface. six independent angles are used to define the failure surface. by trial and error, the optimum shape of failure surfa...