The purpose of this study was to compare the chromosomal genotype between breast cancers with and without secondary manifestations and between primary tumors and their secondary manifestations. Eighty six breast cancers, twenty lymph node metastases, ten distant metastases and ten local recurrences were analyzed by comparative genomic hybridization. Tumors with local recurrences showed signific...

Bone metastasis is the most frequent type of distant metastasis in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). In this study, we investigated the correlation between the skull base bone destruction and the distant bone metastasis in patients with NPC. A total of 449 cases with NPC who were diagnosed and had definitive radiotherapy from 2001 to 2006 were enrolled in this study. The skull base bone destructi...

Typical bronchial carcinoids are usually considered fairly benign tumors. Metastases do however occur, and up to 10% of the patients ultimately die from their disease. To identify prognostic markers, we immunostained 43 typical bronchial carcinoids with antibodies against 8 possibly relevant hormones, oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, adhesion molecules, and proliferation markers. Altogether 1...

Background We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of site-specific metastases in patients with metastatic bladder cancer and analyze the roles that surgeries play in the treatment of this malignancy. Materials and methods A population-based retrospective study using Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results dataset was performed and metastatic bladder cancer patients were classified accor...

PURPOSE We aim to identify esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients with increased risk of postoperative metastases. RESULTS A high level of cyclin D1 expression, together with poor tumor cell differentiation and advanced tumor stages, increased risk of postoperative metastasis and decreased distant metastasis-free survival in ESCC in both cohorts. A high level of cyclin D1 expression also...

Patients with undifferentiated (anaplastic) thyroid carcinoma (ATC) are refractory to surgical treatment, chemotherapy, and/or radiotherapy, and have a dismal prognosis (Smallridge et al. 2012). Distant metastasis occurs at various sites and is poorly sensitive to chemotherapy or radiotherapy. As a result of aggressive tumor behavior and ineffective therapeutic efficacy, patients do poorly (Bes...

Histologic types: Squamous cell carcinoma (90%) Adenocarcinoma (5%) Melanoma (2%) Basal cell carcinoma (2%) Sarcoma (1%) The 1997/2002 TNM (Tumour, Node, Metastasis) classification of penile cancer: T Primary tumour TX Primary tumour cannot be assessed T0 No evidence of primary tumour Tis Carcinoma in situ Ta Non-invasive verrucous carcinoma T1 Tumour invades subepithelial connective tissue T2 ...

Purpose. To assess the metastatic pattern of the histological subtype myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) with no or few round cells. Methods. Forty-five patients (F/M = 27/18, mean age 49 (range 17-85) years) were diagnosed with MLS at two Danish sarcoma centres in the period 1995-2004. A retrospective review of patients' files combined with an extraction of survival data from the Danish Centralised Civi...

Background: Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor that typically originates from the minor and major salivary glands. This type of cancer known for its protracted clinical course, characterized by slow growth, extensive invasion, ability to generate distant recurrent metastases, commonly affecting lungs bones. While ACC metastases have been observed in various anatomical loca...