The effects of anode temperature on the performance of a 4.5 kW Hall-effect thruster are investigated. The approach separates the location of gas injection from discharge current collection using an anode band, which removes the main mechanism that heats the gas distributor. A thermal model predicts a 270 K reduction of the gas distributor temperature, which corresponds to a 28% increase in the...

A Proton Electrolyte Membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) is considered to be a viable alternatives Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) in automotive applications due the key advantages thermal management system. The main duty of system maintain desirable temperature, with uniform temperature distribution across stack and.its.individual membranes. In this paper, enhancement PEMFC cooling plate was analys...

In order to solve problems of lower seed-filling stability and wheat seed damage mechanical shooting seed-metering device, the filling structure device was optimized. The effects movement were obtained through analysing kinematics dynamics distributor. influence factors inner diameter distributor, rotational speed distributor inclination angle window. discrete element software (DEM) used simula...

We analyze a supply chain environment in which a distributor facing price-sensitive demand has the opportunity to contractually commit to a delivery quantity at regular intervals over a finite horizon in exchange for a per-unit cost reduction for units acquired via committed delivery. Supplemental orders needed to meet demand are purchased at an additional unit cost. For normally distributed de...

Distributor selection plays an important role in the supply chain management, particularly in the current competitive environment. The recent researches are mainly focused on the conceptual, descriptive and simulation. However, analyzing qualitative information is difficult by standard statistical analysis, which means that a proper quantitative method is desired for distributor selection in fu...

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