Direct numerical simulations of the transition process from laminar to chaotic flow in convergingdiverging channels are presented. The chaotic flow regime is reached after a sequence of successive supercritical Hopf bifurcations to periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic self-sustained flow regimes. The numerical experiments reveal three distinct bifurcations as the Reynolds number is increased, e...

Joint effects of aperture averaging and beam width on the performance of free-space optical communication links, under the impairments of atmospheric loss, turbulence, and pointing errors (PEs), are investigated from an information theory perspective. The propagation of a spatially partially coherent Gaussian-beam wave through a random turbulent medium is characterized, taking into account the ...

While measurement-device-independent (MDI) quantum key distribution (QKD) allows two trusted parties to establish a shared secret from distance without needing trust central detection node, their sources must be well characterized, with side channels at the source posing greatest loophole protocol's security. In this paper, we identify time-dependent channel in common polarization-based QKD tha...

supersonic separators have found extensive applications in dehumidification of natural gases since 2003. unlike previous studies, which have investigated the inlet conditions and nozzle geometry of supersonic separators for pure fluids, the present study employed a combination of momentum, heat, and mass transfer equations along with virial equation of state (eos) to inspect the effect of inlet...