The cystic artery (CA) is known to exhibit variations in its origin and branching pattern. This is attributed to the developmental changes occurring in the primitive ventral splanchnic arteries. During routine dissection of a male cadaver, we observed that the CA originated from the middle hepatic artery (MHA) at a distance of about 1 cm from its origin, and the MHA originated from the right he...

The 'double bubble' sign on antenatal ultrasound is often associated with duodenal atresia although there are numerous causes. We present a case of cystic biliary atresia presenting with a "double bubble" at 36-weeks gestation. Postnatal ultrasound and MRCP confirmed a cystic lesion at the porta hepatis, mandating early laparotomy and a successful Kasai portoenterostomy. Although diagnosis of s...

In addition to the normal textbook description, the hepatobiliary arterial system in man shows many anatomical variations that have definite clinical importance. The presence of aberrant hepatic and cystic arteries may lead to a number of iatrogenic injuries during some open surgical or endoscopic procedures. In the course of routine students’ dissection of a 62-year-old Caucasian female cadave...

While a wide array of pathological changes occur in cerebral arteries following subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), the most consistent is endothelial damage. Since the endothelium normally modulates reflexes that influence vascular tone, any damage to it may represent a significant contributor to cerebral vasospasm following SAH. This experimental study investigates the correlation between end...

assessment of a first reported case of duplicate right coronary artery. Int J Cardiol 2005;101:329–31. [6] Sawaya FJ, Sawaya JI, Angelini P. Split right coronary artery. Its definition and its territory. Tex Heart Inst J 2008;35:477–9. [7] Yoon SR, Jung AY, Choi SH, Bang OY, Lee NH. Anomalous double right coronary arteries: characteristic multidetector-row computed tomography findings. J Comput...

A 54 year old man, an ex-smoker, was noted to have a right hilar mass five years before presentation at our hospital. Thoracotomy had shown a cystic mass (benign lymphangiomatous cyst on frozen section) enveloping the structures of the right hilum. Resection was not attempted because a pneumonectomy would have been required. A radiograph four years later showed no change. One month before admis...

A double gallbladder is a rare congenital malformation. The present study describes a case of double gallbladder with secondary common bile duct stones. By way of laparoscopic choledochoscopy, the exploration and removal of a common bile duct stone was performed through the cystic duct. The process involved a primary suture of the cystic duct and was performed without using a T-tube, and comple...