The aim of this review is to evaluate the COVID-19 vaccination program in Duhok, determining negative and positive points, subsequently improving it. In Duhok,, across the 59 mass vaccination centers, vaccination coverage rates were investigated for all population aged  ≥ 18 years and population aged ≥ 12 years receiving the three available vaccines, namely: Sinopharm, AstraZeneca, and Pfizer b...

PURPOSE To prepare for vaccine shortages under an influenza pandemic, several antigen-sparing strategies have been investigated. This study was aimed to evaluate the immunogenicity of influenza vaccine at reduced intradermal and full intramuscular dose. MATERIALS AND METHODS We compared the effect of one-fifth and one-half intradermal doses to the full intramuscular dose on immunogenicity in ...

background: antibody production in patients with end-stage kidney disease impairs due to several mechanisms. there are different ways to improve response rate to hepatitis b (hb) vaccine. in this study we evaluated the effect of tetanus-diphtheria toxoid (td) vaccine on hbs antibody (ab) level while being given simultaneously with hb vaccine.  methods: we recruited 43 hemodialysis and 20 perito...

Vaccination is a prevention of transmission and spread in order to establish herd immunity against the Covid�19 pandemic. Indonesia chose Sinovac vaccine, which uses weakened viruses. The objective study was to measure Adverse Events Following Immunization (AEFI) 24-72 hours post-vaccination its effect at three months after vaccination. An online survey distributed 1574 subjects who receive...

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of various community-based interventions in support of HPV vaccination implemented by cities and towns within Tochigi prefecture, Japan with a view to identifying useful indicators which might guide future interventions to improve HPV vaccination coverage in the prefecture. A postal questionnaire survey of all 27 local governments in Tochigi P...

During pandemic influenza, several factors could significantly impact the outcome of vaccination campaigns, including the delay in pandemic vaccine availability, inadequate protective efficacy, and insufficient number of vaccines to cover the entire population. Here, we incorporate these factors into a vaccination model to investigate and compare the effectiveness of the single-dose and two-dos...

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the response to hepatitis B (HB) revaccination of healthcare workers (HCW) who are negative for antibodies to HB surface antigen (anti-HBs) after a complete vaccination series. METHODS HCW whose anti-HBs test was performed > 90 days after a HB vaccination course were given a 4th dose. A post-vaccination test was done within 30 to 90 days. RESULTS On...