Yersinia enterocolitica is a food-borne pathogen with the ability to grow at cold temperatures and tolerate high osmolarity. The bacterium tolerates osmotic stress by intracellular accumulation of osmolytes, such as betaine. The proP gene and proU operon of Y. enterocolitica were sequenced, and single (ProP(-) ProU(+) and ProP(+) ProU(-)) and double (ProP(-) ProU(-)) mutants were generated. Upo...

Within the envelope function approach and the effective-mass approximation, we have investigated theoretically the effect of an intense, high-frequency laser field on the bound states in a GaxIn1 - xNyAs1 - y/GaAs double quantum well for different nitrogen and indium mole concentrations. The laser-dressed potential, bound states, and squared wave functions related to these bound states in Ga1 -...

‎an  oriented perfect path double cover (oppdc) of a‎ ‎graph $g$ is a collection of directed paths in the symmetric‎ ‎orientation $g_s$ of‎ ‎$g$ such that‎ ‎each arc‎ ‎of $g_s$ lies in exactly one of the paths and each‎ ‎vertex of $g$ appears just once as a beginning and just once as an‎ ‎end of a path‎. ‎maxov{'a} and ne{v{s}}et{v{r}}il (discrete‎ ‎math‎. ‎276 (2004) 287-294) conjectured that ...

This paper extends the method of Magnus series to Lie-algebraic equations originating in double-bracket ows. We show that the solution of the isospec-tral ow Y 0 = Y; N]; Y ], Y (0) = Y0 2 Sym(n), can be represented in the form Y (t) = e (t) Y0e ?(t) , where the Taylor expansion of can be constructed explicitly , term-by-term, identifying individual expansion terms with certain rooted trees wit...

Let X = GM be a finite group factorisation. It is shown that the quantum double D(H) of the associated bicrossproduct Hopf algebra H = kM⊲◭k(G) is itself a bicrossproduct kX⊲◭k(Y ) associated to a group Y X, where Y = G×Mop. This provides a class of bicrossproduct Hopf algebras which are quasitriangular. We also construct a subgroup Y X associated to every order-reversing automorphism θ of X. T...

We consider the double affine Hecke algebra H = H(k0, k1, k∨ 0 , k ∨ 1 ; q) associated with the root system (C∨ 1 , C1). We display three elements x, y, z in H that satisfy essentially the Z3-symmetric Askey–Wilson relations. We obtain the relations as follows. We work with an algebra Ĥ that is more general than H, called the universal double affine Hecke algebra of type (C∨ 1 , C1). An advanta...

Telomeres solve the end-replication problem. Previous results suggested a relation between Yku70/80 and proteins Tell and Rad50 in telomere stabilization. Inactivation of any of these genes lead to a shortening of telomeres, while in ku70 tell or ku70 rad50 double mutants a drastic amplification of Y' elements was found. The biological significance of this observation is not clear. To further c...

Introduction The development of the formal theory of monads, begun in [23] and continued in [15], shows that much of the theory of monads [1] can be generalized from the setting of the 2-category Cat of small categories, functors and natural transformations to that of a general 2-category. The generalization, which involves defining the 2-category Mnd(K) of monads, monad maps and monad 2-cells ...

A double latin square of order 2n on symbols s1;y; sn is a 2n 2n matrix A 1⁄4 ðaijÞ in which each aij is one of the symbols s1;y; sn and each sk occurs twice in each row and twice in each column. For k 1⁄4 1;y; n let BðA; skÞ be the bipartite graph with vertices r1;y; r2n; c1;y; c2n and 4n edges 1⁄2ri; cj corresponding to ordered pairs ði; jÞ such that aij 1⁄4 sk: We say that A is Hamiltonian i...

In this paper, we study the behavior of Ricci flows on compact orbifolds with finite singularities. We show that Perelman’s pseudolocality theorem also holds on orbifold Ricci flow. Using this property, we obtain a weak compactness theorem of Ricci flows on orbifolds under some natural technical conditions. This generalizes the corresponding theorem on manifolds. As an application, we can use K...