The present work is focused on the aerodynamic study of different parameters, including both the posture of a cyclist's upper limbs and the saddle position, in time trial (TT) stages. The aerodynamic influence of a TT helmet large visor is also quantified as a function of the helmet inclination. Experiments conducted in a wind tunnel on nine professional cyclists provided drag force and frontal...

A simple pressure-based feedback control strategy for wall-transpiration control of incompressible unsteady two-dimensional channel flow was recently investigated by Aamo, Krstic & Bewley (2003). Nonlinear two-dimensional channel flow simulations which implemented this control strategy resulted in flow transients with instantaneous drag far lower than that of the corresponding laminar flow. The...

In this paper, we analyze the trajectory and body attitude data of Felix Baumgartner's supersonic free fall through the atmosphere on October 14, 2012. As one of us (UW) was scientific advisor to the Red Bull Stratos team, the analysis is based on true body data (body mass, wetted pressure suit surface area) and actual atmospheric data from weather balloon measurements. We also present a fully ...

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of depth on drag during the streamlined glide in swimming using Computational Fluid Dynamics. The Computation Fluid Dynamic analysis consisted of using a three-dimensional mesh of cells that simulates the flow around the considered domain. We used the K-epsilon turbulent model implemented in the commercial code Fluent(®) and applied it to the flo...

This paper presents results of several large-eddy simulations LES of turbulent flow in an open channel through staggered arrays of rigid, emergent cylinders, which can be regarded as idealized vegetation. In this study, two cylinder Reynolds numbers, RD =1,340 and RD=500, and three vegetation densities are considered. The LES of the lowest density and at RD=1,340 corresponds to a recently compl...

Bird flight is an area of significant interest due to the utilization and control of unsteady aerodynamic effects via flapping. Although modern aerodynamics were originally inspired by bird flight, contemporary computational and experimental work associated with flapping flight focuses on insect flight. The purpose of the present paper is to improve the understanding of avian flight by investig...

Turbulent drag reduction in wall-bounded flows is investigated experimentally by considering the dynamic effects provoked by large variation of anisotropy in the velocity fluctuations. It is shown that high drag reduction is obtained when the velocity fluctuations near the wall reach the statistically axisymmetric state with invariance under rotation about the axis aligned with the mean flow. D...

The shifting status of transgender practices within the queer subculture has resulted in a renaissance of drag that has taken it into the mainstream culture of mass media, fine arts, and high fashion. Thus, Demi Moore has been featured in a suit and facial hair in an Arena magazine drag spread. Drag kings have also appeared prominently in such varied mainstream publications as Marie Claire, the...

The aim of this study was to compare the speed fluctuation and the drag force in young swimmers between genders. Twenty-three young pubertal swimmers (12 boys and 11 girls) volunteered as subjects. Speed fluctuation was measured using a kinematical mechanical method (i.e., speedo-meter) during a maximal 25-m front crawl bout. Active drag, active drag coefficient and power needed to overcome dra...

Analysis of the aerodynamic forces acting on baseball pitches from major league games reveals a large variance in the measured coefficients of lift and drag. We have examined possible explanations for this effect and found that, while uncertainties introduced by measurement error and the method of reporting major league pitch trajectories do explain some of the spread, the reasons for the large...