The drinking water quality changes during the transport through distribution systems. Domestic drinking water systems (DDWSs), which include the plumbing between the water meter and consumer's taps, are the most critical points in which water quality may be affected. In distribution networks, the drinking water temperature and water residence time are regarded as indicators of the drinking wate...

UNLABELLED Bacterial communities migrate continuously from the drinking water treatment plant through the drinking water distribution system and into our built environment. Understanding bacterial dynamics in the distribution system is critical to ensuring that safe drinking water is being supplied to customers. We present a 15-month survey of bacterial community dynamics in the drinking water ...

Fluoride in drinking water has a profound effect on teeth. Since drinking water is an important source of fluoride, the evaluation of the fluoride content of water resources is necessary. Temporal variations and spatial distribution of fluoride in drinking water of some selected parts of Kurdistan Province, Iran, have been studied using geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Thus, 40 v...

The aims of this study were to evaluate two methods, qPCR and a chemiluminescent assay (ColiLight II), for rapid detection of E. coli in water, and to examine the survival and persistence of clinical E. coli in drinking water and biofilm using qPCR and ColiLight II. qPCR and ColiLight II were compared with a cultivation-based method (MPN), and survival and persistence of four clinical E. coli s...

Fluoride is found in all water resources at different concentrations and drinking water is the major source of fluoride exposure. Thus, because of the adverse effect of fluoride in low and high concentrations, the evaluation of its content in drinking water is necessary. In the present study, the temporal variations and spatial distribution of fluoride concentrations in the drinking water of vi...

The use of a comprehensive risk management framework is considered a very effective means of managing water quality risks. There are many risk-based systems available to water utilities such as ISO 9001 and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Point (HACCP). In 2004, the World Health Organization's (WHO) Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality recommended the use of preventive risk management app...

The growing need for clean drinking water worldwide is one of the pressing issues of this century. The World Health Organization estimates that in 2005, 1.6 million children under the age of 5 died from causes due to unsafe drinking water. Low-pressure membrane filtration systems are likely to play an important role in water purification and reuse strategies. While these systems have low-cost a...

background and aims. as a result of poor quality of public water supply in many countries, people have recently turned to bottled water consumption, the fluoride content of which is not generally consistent among different brands. this study sought to measure the fluoride concentration of public water supply in comparison with commercial brands of mineral bottled water available in tehran, iran...

drinking water quality can be deteriorated by microbial and toxic chemicals during transport, storage and handling before using by the consumer. this study was conducted to evaluate the microbial and physicochemical quality of drinking water from bottled water coolers.a total of 64 water samples, over a 5-month period in 2012-2013, were collected from free standing bottled water coolers and wat...