fusarium head blight (fhb) caused by fusarium graminearum is a serious disease of wheat (triticum aestivum l.), through which grain quality losses are induced by fungal trichotecene mycotoxins such as deoxynivalenol (don). a class of plasma membrane localized abc transporter proteins related to the yeast pdr5 (pleiotropic drug resistance5) efflux pump seems to be responsible for partial resista...

background: due (drug utilization evaluation) studies can help identify and correct problems associated with irrational use of drugs. considering lack of data regarding how rational vancomycin is being used, we evaluated this due study in a referral infectious center to evaluate compliance with guidelines in terms of rational use of this valuable antibiotic. methods: this retrospective study wa...

background: treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (cl) is being faced with serious difficulties in fars province, due to emerging of resistance against meglumine antimonite (glucantime®). in this context, determining some biomarkers for drug sensitivity monitoring seems to be highly essential. different studies have been carried out to decipher the genes might be involved in antimony resistant p...

Drug resistance is the leading cause of death in prostate cancer patients. Therefore, exploring mechanism underlying drug and identifying novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Long non-coding ribonucleic acid disrupted renal carcinoma 3 acts as a tumor suppressor gene several types. However, to date, no study has investigated biological function long cancer. Gene expression was detecte...

antibiotic resistance of pseudomonas aeruginosa remains a major problem in burn patients. the main objective of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern and frequency of class 1 integrons among p. aeruginosa strains isolated from patients with burn wound infections in a new burn centre in guilan, iran.the bacterial isolates were collected from 182 patients with burn wound i...

background pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen mostly affecting hospitalized and immunodeficient patients. considering the extent of attention paid to the issue of antibiotic resistance and the origin of such resistance and the growing number of treatment failures in patients with burn injury, it seems that investigating the degree of ampc gene expression could be beneficial for...

background and objectives: taking into account a few principles concerning human being, it becomes plausible that the human spirit would also have a similar reaction to spiritual “medicine” provided to it. in order to better understand how this is possible, we must consider the means by which the human spirit becomes resistant to spiritual remedies and compare them with the resistance developed...

Objective(s):Urinary tract infection (UTI) caused by bacteria is one of the most frequent infections in human population. Inappropriate use of antibiotics, often leads to appearance of drug resistance in bacteria. However, use of probiotic bacteria has been suggested as a partial replacement. This study was aimed to assess the antagonistic effects of Lactobacillus standard strains against bacte...