background determinants of health or health production function in health economics literature constitute noticeable issues in health promotion. this study aimed at estimating a health production function for east mediterranean region (emr) based on the grossman theoretical model.   methods this ecological study was performed using the econometric methods. the panel data model was used in order...

The spatial panel data model is a standard tool for analyzing data with both spatial correlation and dynamic dependences among economic units. Conventional estimation methods rely on the key assumption that the spatial weight matrix is strictly exogenous, which would likely be violated in some empirical applications where spatial weights are determined by economic factors. This paper studies th...

Median voter theory applied to trade policy predicts positive tariffs in capital-abundant countries and negative tariffs in labor-abundant countries. Negative tariffs are rare, and this paper reconciles the median voter theory with observed protectionism across countries. By considering large countries, I show the optimal tariff is a sum of the median voter component and a positive in terms of ...