[1] The role of low-level transpacific paths in bringing east Asian air to the North American west coast surface is determined using conditional transit-time distributions. These distributions are computed with the MATCH transport model driven by NCEP reanalysis data. Transpacific paths that lie entirely below 2.2 km contribute negligibly to the west coast column burden of east Asian air. Howev...

Using 15-yr data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Re-Analysis (ERA15), the authors found that rapid southeastward expansion of the rainy area from the western Amazon to southeastern Brazil is a result of midlatitude cold air intrusions. During austral spring, as the large-scale thermodynamic structure over Amazonia becomes destabilized, the incursions of extratropical...

Climate change will have major consequences for population dynamics and life histories of marine biota as it progresses in the twenty-first century. These impacts will differ in magnitude and direction for populations within individual marine species whose geographical ranges span large gradients in latitude and temperature. Here we use meta-analytical methods to investigate how recruitment (i....

A short-wave train emanating from the Southeast Asian tropics which links interannual variations of the winter climate systems in both East Asia and North America was identified recently. This shortwave train may affect the activity of cold-surge disturbances over the eastern seaboard of East Asia, and the northwestern Pacific. The interaction between cold surges and the planetary-scale winter ...

The high accumulation rate and negligible amount of melt at Eclipse Icefield (3017 m) in the Saint Elias Range of Yukon, Canada, allows for the preservation of a high-resolution isotopic and glaciochemical records valuable for reconstruction of climatic variables. Each of the three Eclipse ice cores have a well-constrained depth–age scale with dozens of reference horizons over the twentieth cen...

The evolutions of ENSO modes in the seasonal rainfall patterns over East Africa are examined in this study. The study covers the period 1961–1990. Both rotated empirical orthogonal function (EOF) and simple correlation analyses were used to delineate a network of 136 stations over East Africa into homogeneous rainfall regions in order to derive rainfall indices. Time series generated from the d...

Abstract. The geographical origin and source apportionment of submicron carbonaceous aerosols (organic aerosols, OAs, black carbon, BC) have been investigated here for the first time, deploying high time-resolution measurements at an urban background site Nicosia, capital city Cyprus, in eastern Mediterranean. This study covers a half-year period, encompassing both cold warm periods with contin...

East African precipitation is characterized by a dry annual mean climatology compared to other deep tropical land areas and a bimodal annual cycle with the major rainy season during March–May (MAM; often called the ‘‘long rains’’) and the second during October–December (OND; often called the ‘‘short rains’’). To explore these distinctive features, ERA-Interim data are used to analyze the associ...