Background: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) has a crucial role in several malignancies. The extracellular domain of HER2 (HER2-ECD) has been extensively employed as an important target in passive and active immunotherapy. Isolated recombinant prokaryotic HER2-ECD subdomains were previously found to be ineffective in inducing anti-tumor antibody response. Objective: To employ rec...

The mouse TSH receptor ectodomain (mTSHR-ecd) was amplified from murine thyroid complementary DNA and ligated into the pAcGP67B insect cell vector, and the nucleotide sequence was confirmed. Employing a baculovirus-insect cell system, the mTSHR-ecd (amino acids 22-415) was expressed as a fusion protein with the gp67 insect cell signal sequence at the NH2-terminus and a C-terminal six-histidine ...

BACKGROUND The organ shortage has resulted in increased use of kidneys from expanded criteria donors (ECD). For ECD kidneys unsuitable for single use, dual kidney transplants (DKT) may be possible. There are limited data comparing outcomes of DKT to single kidney ECD transplants, making it unclear where DKT fits in the current allocation scheme. Our purpose was to compare outcomes of DKT and EC...

We analyzed the propensity of the HER3 receptor and its extracellular domain (ECD) to undergo ligand-independent self-association. The HER3-ECD, purified from Drosophila S2 cells, binds the EGF-like domain of heregulin (hrg) with a K(d) of 1.9 nM as measured by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) studies. In a gel shift assay, the HER3-ECD self-associates into a uniform, slowly migrating species in...

Clinicopathological assessment of the functional relationship between the HER2 oncogene and tumor-associated fatty acid synthase (FASN) is largely precluded because immunohistochemical and/or mRNA studies should be performed in biopsies from breast cancer patients. We here sought to determine whether serum FASN (sFASN) could associate with circulating HER2 extracellular domain (HER2 ECD) in the...

Peritoneal dissemination is the most frequent metastasis in gastric cancer and is associated with poor prognosis. The lack of particular target antigens in gastric cancer other than HER2 has hampered the development of treatments for peritoneal disseminationof gastric cancer.Wehypothesized thatHER2-extracellular domain (HER2-ECD) gene transduction combined with trastuzumab-based photoimmunother...

AIM To investigate the association between serum human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) extracellular domain (ECD) and tissue HER2 status, and the prognostic value of serum HER2 ECD in patients with gastric cancer. METHODS A total of 239 patients with gastric cancer were enrolled from December 2012 to June 2013. Serum HER2 ECD was determined by chemiluminescent assay, and tissue HER2...

Natural peptide agonists of corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) receptors bind to the receptor by a two-site mechanism as follows: the carboxyl end of the ligand binds the N-terminal extracellular domain (ECD) of the receptor and the amino portion of the ligand binds the extracellular face of the seven transmembrane region. Recently, peptide antagonists homologous to the 12 C-terminal residue...

Electron capture induced dissociation (ECD) and collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) experiments were performed on four lanthionine bridge-containing antibiotics. ECD of lantibiotics produced mainly c and z* ions, as has been observed previously with other peptides, but more interestingly, the less common c* and z ions were observed in abundance in the ECD spectra. These fragments specifi...