Human Chagas disease originated in Latin America, being spread around the world in relation with multiple bioecological, sociocultural, and political factors. The process of the disease production and dispersion is discussed, emphasizing the human migration and correlated aspects, in the context of globalization. Positive and negative consequences concern the future of this trypanosomiasis, mai...

Numerous behavioral theories and models include “environment” as a construct. For example, social cognitive theory posits that behavior is influenced by individual factors in combination with the social and physical environment (Bandura, 1986). A social ecologic perspective acknowledges multiple levels of behavioral determinants, including individual, interpersonal, organizational, and communit...

West Nile virus causes sporadic cases and outbreaks of human and equine disease in Europe (western Mediterranean and southern Russia in 1962-64, Belarus and Ukraine in the 1970s and 1980s, Romania in 1996-97, Czechland in 1997, and Italy in 1998). Environmental factors, including human activities, that enhance population densities of vector mosquitoes (heavy rains followed by floods, irrigation...

The compensation for undesirable outputs resulting from operational activities requires measurement applications and control systems to reduce material and energy consumption and to protect the indispensable natural resources as well. In general environmental management applies the Ecocontrolling system to ensure its tasks. The controlling tasks of strategic, tactical and operative management h...

Neuro-cysticercosis (NCC) and Japanese encephalitis (JE) are common in tropical countries. Two cases of NCC with coexistent JE are presented, which share same socio-demographic and ecologic factors and have the same intermediate host (pig). Patients were on treatment for NCC and presented in comatose state. Sudden clinical deterioration of a patient with NCC should warrant a search for coexiste...

BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) has claimed 349 lives with 5,327 probable cases reported in mainland China since November 2002. SARS case fatality has varied across geographical areas, which might be partially explained by air pollution level. METHODS Publicly accessible data on SARS morbidity and mortality were utilized in the data analysis. Air pollution was evaluated by...

1. Dromer F, Mathoulin S, Dupont B, Letenneur L, Ronin 0, the French Cryptococcus Study Group. Individual and environmental factors associated with infection due to Cryptococcus neoformans serotype D. Clin Infect Dis 1996; 23:91-6. 2. Singh N, Gayowski T, Wagener MM, Marino IR. Clinical spectrum of invasive cryptococcosis in liver transplant recipients receiving tacrolimus: pathogenic and ecolo...

Oxygen concentration and separation is an essential factor for air recycling in a CELSS. Furthermore, if the value of the plant assimilatory quotient is not coincident with that of the animal respiratory quotient, the recovery of O2 from the concentrated CO2 through chemical methods will become necessary to balance the gas contents in a CELSS. Therefore, oxygen concentration and separation equi...