D ifferentiating between young, athletic patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and elite athletes sometimes can be problematic. Left ventricular hypertrophy is seen mainly in athletes participating in endurance sports. A conflict exists with regard to strength athletes. Recent investigations suggest that strength athletes who use anabolic steroids have increased left ventricular hyper...

Elite young athletes have to cope with multiple psychological demands such as training volume, mental and physical fatigue, spatial separation of family and friends or time management problems may lead to reduced mental and physical recovery. While normative data regarding symptoms of anxiety and depression for the general population is available (Hinz and Brähler, 2011), hardly any information...

It is recognized that much of the dietary data on adolescents and athletes is prone to reporting error, mostly through under-reporting. Nevertheless, in the majority of studies assessing the nutritional intake of young soccer players under-reporting has not been taken into consideration. The purpose of this study was to assess the dietary intake of a sample of young male Italian high-level socc...

This study aims to determine the effect of a single exhausting exercise on plasma PYY, NPY and IGF-1 in young athletes. Thirty-one young athletes (aged 19.52±2.75 years, body mass 79.24±16.13 kg, height 173±6.49 cm, and body fat 16.37±5.92%) volunteered to participate in this study. The participations, in randomized crossover manner, performed a single exercise bout on a cycle ergometer at 50...

With the proliferation of Weblogs (blogs) use in university educational contexts, developing a better understanding of university students’ knowledge sharing behavior through blogging has become an important topic for practitioners and academics. While perceived enjoyment has been found to have a significant influence on behavioral intentions to use blogs or hedonic systems, few studies have in...

BACKGROUND Active video games (exergames) increase energy expenditure (EE) and physical activity (PA) compared with sedentary video gaming. The physiological cost and enjoyment of exergaming in adolescents, and young and older adults has not been documented, nor compared with aerobic exercise. This study compared the physiological cost and enjoyment of exergaming on Wii Fit with aerobic exercis...

BACKGROUND The objective was to study nutritional supplement use among young elite UK athletes to establish whether a rationale versus practice incongruence exists, and to investigate the sources of information. Survey data were analysed for association between supplements used and motives for using such substances among young athletes along with the sources of advice and literature precedents ...

BACKGROUND A clinical outcome tool is needed for the assessment of young athletes with low back pain. OBJECTIVES To translate and culturally adapt the Micheli functional scale (MFS), a self-report questionnaire developed to evaluate young athletes with low back pain (LBP) into Persian language and examine the reliability and validity of the Persian MFS (PMFS). MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-...