The joint impact of piracy and network externality increases the R&D investment of a single firm if the network effect dominates the piracy effect. With R&D competition, if the firms “significantly” differ with respect to the efficiency in R&D investment and if the piracy effect dominates the network effect then the less efficient firm‟s investment increases and that of the more efficient firm‟...

Currently more and more agents are involved in human routine activities and a mixed human-agent society is thus formed by the humans and the agents involved. The relationship between humans and agents in this mixed society is subtle and it is vital to explore the influence that agents bring into the society. In this paper, we try to investigate a few questions: will humans act differently towar...

Let X1,X2, . . . , be independent random variables with EXi = 0 and write Sn = ∑ n i=1 Xi and V 2 n = ∑ n i=1 X i . This paper provides an overview of current developments on the functional central limit theorems (invariance principles), absolute and relative errors in the central limit theorems, moderate and large deviation theorems and saddle-point approximations for the self-normalized sum S...

In theory, competitive electricity markets can provide incentives for efficient investment in generating capacity. We show that if consumers and investors are risk averse, investment is efficient only if investors in generating capacity can sign long-term contracts with consumers. Otherwise the uncovered price risk increases financing costs, reduces equilibrium investment levels, distorts techn...

in this paper, an economic decisions-making model based on mathematics in order to optimize the costs of investment in accordance with innovative technology of human resources recruitment introduced and in the next section, the economic impact of the internet recruitment technologies has been examined.  in order to fulfill these demands classic economic order quantity model of have developed as...

This paper develops a two-period-two-country model in which an altruistic donor faces Samaritan’s Dilemma to address two important policy questions: (i) whether foreign aid can lead to efficient level of capital investment in the recipient country and (ii) how do the form (e.g. budgetary transfers, capital transfer) and the timing of aid affect the incentives of the recipient? It finds that the...

Developing country officials increasingly have come to see attracting foreign direct investment as an essential part of their development strategies. The Andean countries of Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela have joined other countries around the world in pursuing multinational investment. This paper presents an overview of their suitability for investment compared to other invest...

Numerous research have been discovered to developed internationalization process model (investment to other country market). Like Johanson and Vahlne, they are among the first to discuss the internationalization process model. There are four key items underlying Johanson and Vahlne’s model, those are market knowledge, market commitment, commitment decision, and current activities. However, many...

BEA is studying proposals to change the treatment of insurance services in the national accounts. There are 5 proposed changes: investment income will be added as a supplement to the premiums paid by policyholders; investment income is to include interest, dividends and capital gains; a measure of expected investment income will be incorporated; a measure of expected claims will be incorporated...