Eggshell ultrastructure in 8 species of mosquitoes from the genera Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, and Toxorhynchites is compared using transmission electron microscopy. A 3-layered organization is present. The vitelline envelope is of similar character in all genera--homogeneous, rather electrondense, and with no substructure. The endochorion always includes a lamellate layer (with at least one lamel...

In four samples of mosses and mosses mixed with lichens collected in the Peruvian region of Cusco, 344 tardigrades, 78 free-laid eggs and six simplexes were found. In total, nine species were identified: Cornechiniscus lobatus, Echiniscus dariae, E. ollantaytamboensis, Isohypsibius condorcanquii sp. nov., Macrobiotus pisacensis sp. nov., Milnesium krzysztofi, Minibiotus intermedius, Paramacrobi...

AIM The aim was to study the effect of supplementation of lysine producing microbes (LPM) as an in vivo source of lysine on performance and egg quality characters of post-peak layers. MATERIALS AND METHODS BIS (1992) specified diets (except crude protein [CP] and lysine) were prepared using either soybean meal (SBM) or groundnut extractions (GNE) or sunflower extractions (SFE) with 16 and 15%...

the wood boring beetle, chrysobothris affinis is the most destructive pest of albezia lebeck in landscape of ahwaz. population fluctuations of the pest were investigated on albezia lebbeck in ahwaz landscape during 2010 - 2011. sampling was monthly performed. in each sampling date, ten trees were randomly chosen and damage symptoms of the pest were monitored. when damage symptoms observed in st...

The biology of the nomadine bee, Epeolus compactus Cresson, is described based on composite notes taken from field, laboratory, and greenhouse studies of the host bee, Colletes kincaidii Cockerell. Details of Epeolus egg deposition are described and compared with other known noma dine bees. We document the release of a glandular secretion during egg deposition by E. compactus which dissolves th...

A new species of trichosomoidid nematode, Huffmanela paronai sp. n., is established on the basis of its egg morphology and biological characters. The dark-shelled, embryonated eggs of this histozoic parasite occur in masses in the epidermis of the swordfish Xiphias gladius L. (Xiphiidae, Perciformes) from the Ligurian Sea in northern Italy. The eggs are concentrated in groups appearing as black...

Alloretochus sigillatus sp. nov. is described from adults of both sexes and eggs from Bolivia and Ecuador. Diagnostic characters of this species include: large body size, ratio pedicel/scape 1.75, presence of posteromedian projection on metanotum, characteristic blackish marks on abdominal terga, presence of vestiges of posterolateral projections on abdomen segments IV-VI, male subgenital plate...

Antheraea mylitta produces tasar silk and is an endemic species of the Indian subcontinent. Populations of this species show a certain degree of phenotypic variability for which they are designated as ‘ecoraces’. Inorder to study the genetic variability in relation to the environment among Daba T.V and Andhra local the life history of two ecorace from hatching to egg laying stage and the cocoon...

Monophyly for the Nematodirinae, with 5 genera, Murielus, Rauschia, Nematodiroides, Nematodirus, and Nematodirella was confirmed based on comparative morphology and phylogenetic analysis of structural characters. This concept for the nematodirines excludes the monotypic Lamanema chavezi, but otherwise corroborates generic-level diversity as defined in prior studies. Exhaustive analysis resulted...

A major challenge in biology is determining how evolutionarily novel characters originate; however, mechanistic explanations for the origin of new characters are almost completely unknown. The evolution of pregnancy is an excellent system in which to study the origin of novelties because mammals preserve stages in the transition from egg laying to live birth. To determine the molecular bases of...