The paper presents the results of casting and testing of 264 GFRC specimens. The glass fibers were 25 mm long, with the aspect ratio (L/D) ranging between 1250 and 3570. The parameters studied were the ratio (by weight) of fibers to cement, i.e. F/C=0%, 1.5%, 3%, and 4.5%, and the ratio of coarse to fine aggregates (gravel to sand), i.e. G/S=1.1, 0.7 and 0.2. In total, 12 mix designs were selec...

The elastic modulus of cancellous bone is derived based on the measured elastic properties of separate mineral and protein phases. Adopting the mechanics of cellular solids approach, the moduli of elasticity of cancellous, deproteinated and demineralized bone are expressed in terms of the trabecular moduli of elasticity and the corresponding density ratios using the power law expressions. The Y...

A comparison was made on the mechanical properties of three glass-ionomer cements, one of which was of experimental fiber-reinforcing and auto-curing type. Two others were proprietary auto-curing and light-activating cements. Biaxial flexure test was conducted on disc samples. Three-point bending test was also carried out on bar samples to determine modulus of elasticity and strength. All sampl...

In this paper we address the following problem of nondestructing testing: to determine, within an elastic body , the possible presence of defects in the form of either cavities or rigid inclusions, from measurements of traction and displacement taken at the exterior boundary of . Let us denote by D the unknown, possibly disconnected, defect and let us assume that D is an open set compactly cont...

Objective. Test-retest reliability of the myotonometer was investigated in patients with subacute stroke. Methods. Twelve patients with substroke (3 to 9 months poststroke) were examined in standardized testing position twice, 60 minutes apart, with the Myoton-3 myometer to measure tone, elasticity, and stiffness of relaxed bilateral biceps and triceps brachii muscles. Intrarater reliability of...

Recently, ultrasonic imaging of soft tissue mechanics has been increasingly studied to image otherwise undetectable pathologies. However, many underlying mechanisms of tissue stiffening remain unknown, requiring small animal studies and adapted elasticity mapping techniques. Harmonic motion imaging (HMI) assesses tissue viscoelasticity by inducing localized oscillation from a periodic acoustic ...

This work extends a recently realized inverse problem technique of extracting soft tissue elasticity information via nonrigid model-based image registration. The algorithm uses the elastic properties of the tissue in a biomechanical model to achieve maximal similarity between image data acquired under different states of loading. A new multi-resolution, nonlinear optimization framework has been...

We have investigated anharmonic behavior of Pd by applying systematic nanoscale tensile testing to near defect-free nanowhiskers offering a large range of elastic strain. We measured size-dependent deviations from bulk elastic behavior in nanowhiskers with diameters as small as ∼30 nm. In addition to size-dependent variations in Young's modulus in the small strain limit, we measured nonlinear e...

6 The dynamics of heterogeneous materials, like rocks and concrete, is complex. It includes such features as nonlinear elasticity, hysteresis, and long-time relaxation. This dynamics is very sensitive to microstructural changes and damage. The goal of this paper is to propose a physical model describing the longitudinal vibrations in heterogeneous material, and to develop a numerical strategy t...

The stress induced in a loaded beam will not exceed some threshold, but also its maximum deflection, as for all the elastic systems, will be controlled. Nevertheless, the linear beam theory fails to describe the large deflections; highly flexible linear elements, namely, rods, typically found in aerospace or oil applications, may experience large displacements—but small strains, for not leaving...