We present a broad review on black holes. We analyse some of the fundamental concepts in black hole theory, the observational and theoretical status of stellar and galactic black holes, and their appearance

In this paper we have tried to describe a gauge group for gravitational potential associated with the elementary particle as described by their spiral structure in accordance with the standard model. It relates to the framework of quantum field theory considering the Dark Potential Waves which constitutes the Universe to be destructively interfering through Symmetry which breaks spontaneously t...

This paper is second one in the series devoted to the calculation of particle masses in the framework of p-adic conformal field theory limit of Topological GeometroDynamics. The concept of topological condensate generalizes the concept of 3-space in radical manner. The various hierarchically ordered levels of the condensate obey effective p-adic topology and fractal considerations motivate the ...

The interaction of UHE neutrinos can be observed from outer space. The advantage of the proposed method is that the Earth can be used as an energy filter as well as a target. We sketch the potentials of these observations in searching for particle physics beyond the Standard Model of elementary particle interactions as well as observations of astronomical objects such as active galactic nuclei.

In the Standard Model of elementary particle physics, electroweak symmetry breaking is achieved by a Higgs scalar doublet with a negative (mass). The Standard Model has the well known gauge hierarchy problem: quadratically divergent quantum corrections drive the Higgs mass and thus the weak scale to the scale of new physics. Thus, if the scale of new physics is say the Planck scale, then correc...

We introduce the standard model of elementary particles and discuss the reasons why we have to modify it. Emphasis is put on the indications from the neutrinos and on the role of the Higgs particle; some promising theoretical ideas, like quark-lepton symmetry, existence of super-heavy “right-handed” neutrinos, grand unification and supersymmetry at the weak scale, are introduced and shortly dis...

The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the mathematical objects and structures associated with the particle physics in other universes, can be inferred from the mathematical objects and structures associated with the particle physics in our own universe. As such, this paper is a continuation of the research programme announced in McCabe (2004), which implemented this idea in the case o...

Temperature is an outsider in the laws of motion given by Newton and Einstein and this oversight is the source of the predictions of time-reversal-invariance made by these two great systems of motion. By taking into consideration Planck’s law of blackbody radiation and the Doppler effect, in thinking about Maxwell’s electromagnetic wave equation, I have shown that photons, in the environment th...

A s recently as 2010, three groups received the J. J. Sakurai Prize for showing how spontaneous symmetry breaking explains the mechanism for generating vector boson masses, thus enabling the solution of one of the puzzles of the standard model of elementary particles. Since the Yang-Mills field strength incorporating a nonabelian feature is not only one of the cornerstones of the standard model...

Lanczos’s quaternionic interpretation of Dirac’s equation provides a unified description for all elementary particles of spin 0, 1 2 , 1, and 3 2 . The Lagrangian formulation given by Einstein and Mayer in 1933 predicts two main classes of solutions. (1) Point like partons which come in two families, quarks and leptons. The correct fractional or integral electric and baryonic charges, and zero ...