background: asthma, allergic rhinitis and eczema as a common disorder in childhood, has many epidemiologic variations in different geographic areas. this study aimed at determining the prevalence of pediatric allergic disease in rural area of babol. methods: this analytical-cross sectional study was performed in 2012 by random sampling on 2 groups of children the first group aged 6-7 years (n=1...

A total of 247 American children between 6 and 10 years of age (126 girls and 121 boys) completed Implicit Association Tests and explicit self-report measures assessing the association of (a) me with male (gender identity), (b) male with math (math-gender stereotype), and (c) me with math (math self-concept). Two findings emerged. First, as early as second grade, the children demonstrated the A...

the prevalence of atopic dermatitis (ad) and obesity have been increasing considerably in korean school-children. ad is a chronic pruritic recurrent inflammatory skin disorder. leptin is secreted by adipocytes which has been suggested to be immunologically active; however, their role in ad has not yet been well understood. a total of 227 subjects out of 2,109 elementary school children were def...

The level of dental and oral hygiene on elementary school age children is very low, so it can be increasing the incidence of dental and oral diseases which caused by various microorganisms. Moutwash can keep dental and oral hygiene, but many commercial mouthwash is still used alcohol as their ingredients, which can be giving side effects, therefore, we still needed used alternative mouthwash, w...

introduction: the purpose of this research was to evaluate the effect of life skills training of mothers of elementary school children on behavioral problems of children in isfahan. methods: in a cross-sectional study, individuals were enrolled by a multistage cluster sampling from 5 educational districts in isfahan and 90 students who had behavioral problems were distinguished and included. th...

This review assessed the effectiveness of pre-school- and school-based obesity prevention and/or treatment interventions targeting healthy eating, physical activity or obesity in African American children and adolescents. Systematic searches were conducted for English-printed research articles published between January 1980 and March 2013. Retained articles included experimental studies conduct...

This study reports the development of The Scale of Social Interest for Elementary School Children and examines its reliability and validity. Elementary school students of fourth, fifth, and sixth grades responded to provisional items of the scale, as well as scales assessing mental health, adaptation to school, and sympathy. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted using the provisional ite...

BACKGROUND Prevalence of obesity in children has been increasing during recent decades all over the world. Obesity, particularly central obesity, is associated with metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases. The present study aimed to assess obesity and central obesity in 6-11 year old Birjand elementary school children, East of Iran. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted on 1...

This study examined the stability of scores on the ADI-R from pre-school to elementary school age in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Participants were 35 children who, at T1, all had a clinical diagnosis of ASD. On initial assessment (mean age 3.5 years; SD 0.6 years), all met ADI-R algorithm criteria for autism. ADI-R assessments were repeated at follow up (FU; mean age 10.5 yea...

Studies are underway on the propriety of making English-language education compulsory at the elementary school level in Japan. According to the results of a survey conducted by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, 70.7 percent of elementary school student parents polled replied that such education should be required.1 Among the reasons cited for this view is the b...