Goal orientation theory was used to examine changes in student motivation during the transition from elementary to middle school. Surveys were given to 341 students in the fifth grade in elementary and again in sixth grade in middle school. Students were more oriented to task goals (wanting to improve their competency), perceived a greater emphasis on task goals during instruction, and felt mor...

This paper describes the development of an electronic portfolio retrieval system “PRIUM” (Portfolio Retrieval for Investigating Useful Material) which reflects keyword similarity, and assessment of its retrieving efficiency. 40 elementary school students used PRIUM, and 40 elementary school students used a full text retrieval system during their Information Communication Technology (ICT) educat...

Prior research has demonstrated that victims of peer victimization show reduced psychological adjustment, social adjustment, and physical well-being compared with nonvictims. However, little research has addressed whether this maladjustment continues over the long term. This study examined adjustment in 72 high school students who had participated in a peer-nomination procedure assessing peer v...

The relationship between academic achievement and the subjective well-being of elementary school children has received increasing attention. However, previous research on the relationship between these variables has yielded inconsistent conclusions - possibly due to the presence of potential moderating variables. This study investigated the relationship between the academic achievement and the ...

Excessive sodium intake leading to hypertension, stroke, and stomach cancer is mainly caused by excess use of salt in cooking. This study was performed to estimate the salt content in school meals and to compare differences in perceptions related to sodium intake between students and staffs working for school meal service. We collected 382 dishes for food from 24 schools (9 elementary, 7 middle...

The Field is a simulated virtual environment designed to help elementary school students learn the basic skills of observational science in the context of mathematics and science. Over the last four years, we have iteratively developed technical aids for navigation and data collection based on observations we have conducted in an elementary school. This paper discusses the problems students enc...

BACKGROUND There is evidence that dietary quality declines as children age in North America, but few studies have explored whether food environment exposures in secondary schools as opposed to elementary schools are associated with changes in students' school-day food choices. METHODS This study examined differences in dietary practices (at or en route to and/or from school) between students ...

BACKGROUND The decline in active commuting to and from school in the United States is, in part, due to urban design standards and public policies that promote automobile travel and discourage pedestrian activity. PURPOSE The current investigation examines active commuting at neighborhood schools and how it is altered by distance to school, student age and its potential impact on Body Mass Ind...