In this paper we consider single elements in rings and nearrings. If R is a (near)ring, x ∈ R is called single if axb = 0 ⇒ ax = 0 or xb = 0. In seeking rings in which each element is single, we are led to consider 0-simple rings, a class which lies between division rings and simple rings. MSC 2000: 16U99 (primary), 16Y30 (secondary)

in recent years, heavy metal contamination of rice in different parts of the world has raised concerns about its safety and provoked crisis in it's global production and trade. in iran, also some studies have reported on the heavy metal contamination of native products. however, the concentration of heavy metals in rice grain could be influenced through preparation and cooking. this study aimed...

Lanthanides are a group of 15 chemical elements which, together with their salts, have come to be used in the last decade as homoeopathic remedies. The effective introduction of lanthanides and their salts into the clinical use, as homoeopathic remedies was based on the idea of Jan Scholten, MD to relate their physicochemical properties shown in the periodic table of elements to their homoeopat...

A Smarandache geometry is a geometry which has at least one Smarandachely denied axiom(1969), i.e., an axiom behaves in at least two different ways within the same space, i.e., validated and invalided, or only invalided but in multiple distinct ways and a Smarandache n-manifold is a nmanifold that support a Smarandache geometry. Iseri provided a construction for Smarandache 2-manifolds by equil...

Importantly, there is no element 1 ≤ k < p − 1 such that a ≡ 1(modp). The concepts presented in the study of primitive elements can be considered special cases of more general idea presented in group theory. Specifically, the primitve element a can be seen as a generator of Zp, we wil discuss this in more detail in the first section of the paper. Primitive elements also have applications in enc...

Defining transcriptional regulatory signals represents an essential step toward our understanding of eucaryotic gene expression. Analysis of genes transcribed by polymerase II has revealed a complex and interrelated set of “promoter elements.” Enhancers or activators are among the set of eucaryotic promoter elements that appear to increase transcriptional efficiency in a manner relatively indep...

One of the most striking facts about the elements is their unequal distribution and occurrence in nature. Present knowledge of the chemical composition of the universe, obtained from the study of the spectra of stars and nebulae, indicates that hydrogen is by far the most abundant element and may account for more than 90% of the atoms or about 75% of the mass of the universe. Helium atoms make ...

Trace elements occur in the human and animal body in milligrams per kilograms amount or less as against major elements which occur in gram per kg.essential elements are elements required for lifewhose deficient intake results in impairment of vital functions and only intake of physiologic amounts of the element can alleviate or prevent such a disturbance in function. Certain T.Es exists in the ...

Using the standard infall model of Galactic chemical evolution, we explore the origin of carbon and calculate the abundance evolution of CNO elements for 8 different models of stellar nucleosynthesis yields. The results show that, in the early stage of the Galaxy, massive stars are the main producer of carbon, and that as our Galaxy evolves to the late stage, the longer lived intermediate-and l...