Rice (Oryza sativa cv. 5272) embryogenic calli were obtained from mature zygotic embryos culture on Murashige & Skoog (1962) medium supplemented with 2.5 mg/l 2,4dichlorophenoxyacetic acid. Histological analysis of somatic embryogenesis revealed that after two weeks of culture of explants on the callus induction medium, somatic embryo development began with a cluster of proembryogenic cells in ...

Degrading cells of wheat and barley callus have all known ultrastructural features, which are characteristic for apoptotic cells: intense vacuolization, increasing the size of the nucleus, cupped invaginations of plastids, mitochondria saving until the last stages of cell degradation and the formation of vesicles, similar to apoptotic bodies. It is the first showed that degrading cells in embry...

Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is one of the most recalcitrant species for in vitro plant regeneration through somatic embryogenesis. Callus from only a few cultivars can produce embryogenic callus (EC), but the mechanism is not well elucidated. Here we screened a cultivar, CRI24, with high efficiency of EC produce. The expression of genes relevant to EC production was analyzed between the ...

The purpose of the research study is to select the best rice explant and variety for Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation studies. In vitro callus induction and regeneration frequency of two explants i.e. immature embryo and mature grains of 9 rice varieties (Oryza sativa L.) was investigated by culturing explants source on N6 media supplemented with 2, 4-D at 2mg/l for callus inductio...

Degrading cells of wheat and barley callus have all known ultrastructural features, which are characteristic for apoptotic cells: intense vacuolization, increasing the size of the nucleus, cupped invaginations of plastids, mitochondria saving until the last stages of cell degradation and the formation of vesicles, similar to apoptotic bodies. It is the first showed that degrading cells in embry...

Two somatic embryogenesis receptor-like kinase genes (identified as AcSERK1 and AcSERK2) have previously been characterized from pineapple (Ananas comosus). In this work, we describe the characterization of a third gene (AcSERK3) in this family. AcSERK3 had all the characteristic domains and shared extensive sequence homology with other plant SERKs. AcSERK3 expression was studied by in situ hyb...

A reliable and reproducible protocol has been developed for high frequency plant regeneration from 4-5 mm long leaf base segments of 4 days old in vitro germinated seedlings of indica rice (Oryza sativa) cultivar Rasi. The effect of age of seedlings, position of leaf base segments and optimum concentration of 2,4-D on callus induction frequency was investigated with a future aim to use leaf bas...

An efficient method of somatic embryogenesis using exogenous polyamines through suspension culture protocol was developed from leaf derived callus of spine gourd (Momordica dioica Roxb. ex. Willd.). Embryogenic callus was originated from cut slices of leaf explants on MS solid medium supplemented with 4.4 μM 2,4-D with addition of polyamines (putrescine, spermidine and spermine). Putrescine at ...

Somatic embryogenesis is a developmental process during which plant somatic cells, under in vitro conditions, produce embryogenic cells that develop into embryos. an efficient method clonal propagation of plants. Mature embryos were used as explant source for callus formation and the produced compact, healthy most mature induced callus. showed similar morphologically to their non-somatic counte...

The ontogenic developmental stages of saffron somatic embryogenesis have been studied and characterized using light and electron microscopy. The embryogenic callus underwent internal segmented divisions with the formation of globular embryos that were attached to the callus surface by a broad multicelular structure. Further development of the embryoids was characterized by the emergence of a sh...