BACKGROUND Levels of paid employment in two parent and lone parent families have increased in the UK but evidence of its impact on child socioemotional behaviour is limited and inconsistent. METHODS We conducted a longitudinal analysis using the first four sweeps of the Millennium Cohort Study (9 months, 3 years, 5 years and 7 years) to investigate the influence of family employment trajector...

In the decade following the worldwide economic depression of the 1930s and the ensuing world war, prosperity returned to America; in contrast, in Germany and emainder of Europe, as well as much of Asia, the struggle for survival occupied many people. Postwar prosperity in America provided sufficient income for many urban families to pursue their dreams of home ownership, often to shelter expand...

revised to meet with the standard EU formulations. The diagnostic parts were modified, where relevant, to assess competence in interpretation of diagnostic tests rather than hands-on ability to perform them. With increasing demands for accreditation in particular within the laboratory specialties this is a logical development, but it remains to be seen if young hematologists would score better ...

The share of increases in life expectancy realized after age 65 was only about 20 percent at the beginning of the 20th century for the US and 16 other countries at comparable stages of development; but that share was close to 80 percent by the dawn of the 21st century, and is almost certainly approaching 100 percent asymptotically. This new demographic transition portends a diminished survival ...

Prosperity Theology is the teaching that believers have a right to the blessings of health and wealth and that they can obtain these blessings through positive confessions of faith and the “sowing of seeds” through the faithful payment of tithes and offerings. However, the literature reveals that most adherents to the prosperity gospel are not prospering financially and prosperity preachers hav...

The rise of civilizations involved the dual emergence of economies that could produce surplus (“prosperity”) and states that could protect surplus (“security”). But the joint achievement of security and prosperity had to escape a paradox: prosperity attracts predation, and higher insecurity discourages the investments that create prosperity. We study the trade-offs facing a proto-state on its p...

This paper introduces wealth-dependent time preference into a simple model of endogenous growth. The model generates adjustment dynamics in line with the historical facts on savings and economic growth in Europe from the High Middle Ages to today. Along a virtuous cycle of development more wealth leads to more patience, which leads to more savings and even higher wealth. Savings rates and incom...