Intracellular reproductive manipulators, such as Candidatus Cardinium and Wolbachia are vertically transmitted to progeny but rarely show co-speciation with the host. In sap-feeding insects, plant tissues have been proposed as alternative horizontal routes of interspecific transmission, but experimental evidence is limited. Here we report results from experiments that show that Cardinium is hor...

The tea green leafhopper, Empoasca onukii Matsuda (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae, Typhlocybinae), is a serious pest of plants in East Asia. In the laboratory, genotypes CA278, Cd19, and Cd289 [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae)] sustain fewer feeding damage symptoms known as hopperburn than susceptible cultivar ‘Yabukita,’ E. excretes less honeydew on them Yabukita. Here, we evaluated whethe...