objective: this study focused on the factors affecting the institutional delivery and delivery assisted by health professionals in urban slums. materials and methods: a semi-structured questionnaire was developed to collect information from women aged 15-49 who had at least one birth. totally 540 eligible women were interviewed. results: the results showed that around 20% of women delivered at ...

DNA nanomachines are becoming useful tools for molecular recognition, imaging, and diagnostics and have drawn gradual attention. Unfortunately, the present application of most DNA nanomachines is limited in vitro, so expanding their application in organism has become a primary focus. Hence, a novel DNA nanomachine named t-switch, based on the DNA duplex-triplex transition, is developed for moni...

Energy level performance of three packet delivery schemes in a Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) over fading channels is evaluated. Effects of two short term fading such as Rayleigh and Rician on packet delivery schemes are evaluated. Three different information delivery mechanisms are considered using regenerative relays with or without error correction capability. In all the three schemes, mess...

The current embedded processors often do not satisfy increasingly demanding computation requirements of embedded applications within acceptable energy efficiency, whereas application-specific integrated circuits require excessive design costs. In the Stanford Elm project, it was identified that instruction and data delivery, not computation, dominate the energy consumption of embedded processor...

BACKGROUND Guanine quadruplexes (GQs) play vital roles in many cellular processes and are of much interest as drug targets. In contrast to the availability of many structural studies, there is still limited knowledge on GQ folding. SCOPE OF REVIEW We review recent molecular dynamics (MD) simulation studies of the folding of GQs, with an emphasis paid to the human telomeric DNA GQ. We explain ...

Linear–dendrite copolymers containing hyper branched poly(citric acid) and linear poly(ethylene glycol) blocks PCA–PEG–PCA are promising nonmaterial to use  in nanomedicine. To investigate their potential application in biological systems (especially for drug carries) ONIOM2 calculations were applied to study the nature of particular interactions between drug and the polymeric nanoparticle...

information and communication technology (ict) has transformed how we live our lives and the way we interact in different contexts. benefits of ict and its upcoming efficiencies (i.e. energy efficiency) are becoming the heart of many public services’ reforms which have influenced the time, distance and space concepts. at present, not only there is a lack of clarity about what high-quality ictba...

This study tested the hypothesis that ultrasound can target intracellular uptake of drugs into vascular endothelial cells (ECs) at low to intermediate energy and into smooth muscle cells (SMCs) at high energy. Ultrasound-enhanced delivery has been shown to enhance and target intracellular drug and gene delivery in the vasculature to treat cardiovascular disease, but quantitative studies of the ...

The major challenge in wireless sensor networks is to decrease energy consumption and to increase the throughput of sensor node to enhance the lifetime of sensor network. The routing protocols have great impact on the lifetime of sensor network. Mainly the data packet delivery ratio and average energy consumption are examined as the performance metrics. Simulation results show that proposed alg...