نتایج جستجو برای: energy fluence
تعداد نتایج: 669012 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Purpose. Early postoperative fractional laser treatment has been used to reduce scarring in many institutions, but the most effective energy parameters have not yet been established. This study sought to determine effective parameters in the treatment of facial laceration scars. Methods. From September 2012 to September 2013, 57 patients were enrolled according to the study. To compare the low ...
[1] Using recent X‐ray and gamma‐ray observations of terrestrial gamma‐ray flashes (TGFs) from spacecraft and of natural and rocket‐triggered lightning from the ground, along with detailed models of energetic particle transport, we calculate the fluence (integrated flux) of high‐energy (million electronvolt) electrons, X rays, and gamma rays likely to be produced inside or near thunderclouds in...
Recently the compensator has been shown to be an in expensive and reliable dose delivery device for photon beam intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). The goal of IMRT compensator design is to produce an optimized primary fluence profile at the patient's surface obtained from the optimization procedure. In this paper some of the problems associated with IMRT compensator design, specifica...
This report described recent activities on neutron standardization at the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ) in the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST). The present status of our accelerator-based neutron field is described mainly on the development of monoenergetic neutron fluence standards [1-3]. Collaboration is in progress with the Japan Atomic ...
The Institute for Radiological Protection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN) has developed a new spectrometry system for neutron energies from 10−9 MeV to 10 GeV. This high energy range multisphere extended IRSN system (HERMEIS) is a high gas pressure3He-based Bonner spheres set. It is adapted to low neutron fluence rate measurements and one of its main application concerns the determination of cosmic-r...
Two different multivariate clustering techniques, the K-means partitioning method and the Dirichlet process of mixture modeling, have been applied to the BATSE Gamma-ray burst (GRB) catalog, to obtain the optimum number of coherent groups. In the standard paradigm, GRB are classified in only two groups, the long and short bursts. However, for both the clustering techniques, the optimal number o...
BACKGROUND To develop a new procedure for laser prostatectomy through a biopsy needle, we evaluated the efficacy of interstitial laser irradiation with a pulsed Ho:YAG laser (lambda: 2.1 microns) in the normal canine prostate. METHODS Pathological studies were performed up to 6 months after interstitial laser irradiation in 26 mongrel dogs (15.4 +/- 2.6 kg). Two dogs underwent the identical p...
A 100-J-level Nd:glass laser system in nanosecond-scale pulse width has been constructed to perform as a standard source of high-fluence-laser science experiments. The laser system, operating with typical pulse durations of 3–5 ns and beam diameter 60 mm, employs a sequence of successive rod amplifiers to achieve 100-J-level energy at 1053 nm at 3 ns. The frequency conversion can provide energy...
The interaction of intense, femtosecond laser pulses with a dielectric medium is examined using a numerical simulation. The simulation uses the one-dimensional electromagnetic wave equation to model laser pulse propagation. In addition, it includes multiphoton ionization, electron attachment, Ohmic heating of free electrons, and temperature-dependent collisional ionization. Laser pulses conside...
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