Still little is known about naturally occurring synaptogenesis in the adult neocortex and related impacts of epigenetic influences. We therefore investigated (pre)synaptic plasticity in various cortices of adult rodents, visualized by secondary lysosome accumulations (LA) in remodeling axon terminals. Twenty-two male gerbils from either enriched (ER) or impoverished rearing (IR) were used for q...

We introduce a technique to enrich user interaction with a computer through a stylus. This technique allows a stylus to be manipulated in the air to operate applications in new ways. To translate the stylus manipulation into application behavior, we take an approach that we attach an accelerometer to the stylus. Such a stylus allows control through new operations like rolling and shaking, as we...

We have previously shown that chronic, but not acute, dietary supplementation with CDP-choline prevents the hippocampal-dependent memory deficits manifested by aged rats and by rats reared under impoverished environmental conditions. In rats, dietary CDP-choline is rapidly metabolized into cytidine and choline; the cytidine is then readily converted to uridine, which enters the brain and, via c...

Project-based design method is widely used in engineering education. However, it time-consuming to develop thinking skills through projects. This paper proposes that learning methodology and projects will significantly improve students’ experience outcomes. The TASKS framework analyze the pros cons of three different methods: methodology-based learning, project-based methodology-driven project ...

background and objective: due to low quantity of pathogens in foods, designing a broth medium to enrich simultaneously several pathogens through a suitable time to a detectable level is one of point of interest of many microbiologists. this study aimed to enrich simultaneously three food-borne pathogens (listeria monocytogenes, staphylococcus aureus and enterohaemorrhagic escherichia coli) tran...