This article examines the epigraphic and archaeological evidence attesting staging of gladiatorial associated spectacles in Roman Crete. The indicates shows held capital province, Gortyn; colony Knossos, Hierapytna, possibly Chersonesos Kissamos. Some that took place Gortyn were extraordinary very costly, including beast fights, public executions combats with sharp weapons. cities presen...

Abstract The statue habit was a defining characteristic of Classical cities, and its demise in Late Antiquity has recently attracted scholarly attention. This article analyzes this process the city Rome, charting decline abandonment practice setting up free-standing statues between end 3rd c. mid 7th CE. Focusing on epigraphic evidence for new dedications, it discusses nature terms differences ...

Summary Scholars have long highlighted the importance of water for rituals in Greek sanctuaries, but little is known about when and how it was used practice. Considering attributed to at this article aims explore as a purificatory agent humans things an offering, pure or mixed with wine, gods form libations. Throughout paper we argue that these activities were located on spectrum from mundane r...

A threefold inscription scratched on a tile found in the surroundings of Reggio Calabria, dating back to late 2nd century BCE, evidences for insults addressed slaves employed local pottery. Both context and abusive terms point controversy broken out among colleagues within place work. The offensive words reveal Greek-Latin bilingualism, which Latin plays role language first learned used everyda...

Abstract This paper aims to show how local civic communities, nominally subject the Seleucid dynasts, integrated Roman magistrates into an existing framework of authority during late second and early first centuries BCE . I argue that as played increasingly significant role in region, cities initially framed them quasi-regal terms, which their interlocutors consciously accepted. Through a close...