The set of English modal verbs is widely recognized to communicate two broad clusters of meanings: epistemic and root modal meanings. A number of researchers have claimed that root meanings are acquired earlier than epistemic ones; this claim has subsequently been employed in the linguistics literature as an argument for the position that English modal verbs are polysemous (Sweetser, 1990). In ...

We present 3arif, a large-scale corpus of Modern Standard and Egyptian Arabic tweets annotated for epistemic modality. To create 3arif, we design an interactive crowdsourcing annotation procedure that splits up the annotation process into a series of simplified questions, dispenses with the requirement for expert linguistic knowledge and captures nested modality triggers and their attributes se...

We propose a semantic analysis of the particles afinal (European Portuguese) and alla fine (Italian) in terms of the notion of truth unpersistence, which combines both epistemic modality and constraints on discourse structure. We argue that the felicitous use of these modal particles requires that the truth of a proposition p* fail to persist through a temporal succession of epistemic states, w...

We propose a new semantics for modeling belief, mixing conncepts from qualitative probabilistic and classical possible world accounts. Our belief structures are coherent sets of qualitative plausibility measures and belief corresponds to truth in the most plausible worlds of each epistemic alternative. We provide an axiomatic characterization of these doxastic structures in a bimodal language, ...

In this paper, we develop a modeling technique based on interpreted systems in order to verify temporal-epistemic properties over access control policies. This approach enables us to detect information flow vulnerabilities in dynamic policies by verifying the knowledge of the agents gained by both reading and reasoning about system information. To overcome the practical limitations of state exp...

Epistemic modality, a linguistic category, particularly deals with the interactive dimensions of various discourses. modality in broad terms can be defined as any modal system that indicates degree assurance what speaker says. The present study identifies and analyzes epistemic verbs EMVs dissertations linguistics literature. For this purpose, two sub-corpora Ph.D. from fields literature were c...

We develop a modeling technique based on interpreted systems in order to verify temporal-epistemic properties over access control policies. This approach enables us to detect information flow vulnerabilities in dynamic policies by verifying the knowledge of the agents gained by both reading and reasoning about system information. To overcome the practical limitations of state explosion in model...