Ethambutol {the dextro isomer of 2,2'-(ethylenediimino)di-l-butanol) is widely used for the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. Like all drugs it may produce undesirable side effects, the most notable being amblyopia. Instances of impaired vision were recognized shortly after the racemic form of the drug was introduced, but detailed case histories were not published until Carr and Henkind desc...

In goldfish it has been shown that ethambutol shifts the threshold for wavelength discrimination without affecting the absolute sensitivity of the cones. In this study we demonstrate that a similar colour vision disturbance occurs in tuberculosis patients treated with ethambutol. After 2 months of ethambutol treatment, chromatic discrimination was measured with a computerized forced two choice ...

Molecular hybridisation of four bioactive fragments piperazine, substituted-benzofuran, amino acids, and 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide as single molecular architecture was designed. A series new hybrids were synthesised subjected to evaluation for their inhibitory activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) H37Rv. 4d-f 4o found exhibit MIC 1.56 µg/mL, equally active ethambutol whereas 4a,...

Ethambutol, one of four drugs in the first-line antitubercular regimen, is used to protect against rifampin resistance in the event of preexisting resistance to isoniazid. The population pharmacokinetics of ethambutol in South African patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were characterized using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Patients from 2 centers were treated with ethambutol (800 to 1,500...