Neogene cooling and aridifi cation in the Northern Hemisphere have long been recognized, but there are no studies comparing patterns of aridity gradients or differences between North America and Eurasia. Large herbivorous mammals are an excellent source for understanding large-scale environmental and climatic patterns because their molar crown height (hypsodonty) refl ects both habitat and prec...

The association between demographic history, genealogy and geographical distribution of mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b haplotypes was studied in the wood lemming (Myopus schisticolor), a species that is closely associated with the boreal forest of the Eurasian taiga zone from Scandinavia to the Pacific coast. Except for a major phylogeographic discontinuity (0.9% nucleotide divergence) in south...

Vegetation productivity trends for the Arctic tundra are updated for the 1982–2011 period and examined in the context of land surface temperatures and coastal sea ice. Understanding mechanistic links between vegetation and climate parameters contributes to model advancements that are necessary for improving climate projections. This study employs remote sensing data: Global Inventory Modeling a...

Abomasal nematodes (Ostertagiine: Trichostrongyloidea) representing a previously unrecognized genus and species are reported in African buffalo (Syncerus caffer caffer) from Kenya, Uganda, and South Africa. Africanastrongylus buceros gen. nov. et sp. nov. is characterized by a symmetrical tapering synlophe in the cervical region and a maximum of 60 ridges in males and females. Bursal structure ...

The geopolitical dynamics of Greater Eurasia is described. reasons for the concentration attention political elites to eastern vector are shown. This interest reflected growing role new players in global space, as well unwillingness old leaders recognize social and economic reality. In Eurasia, there different interests states, their ability find common ground. feature significant distinguishes...

BACKGROUND Understanding the dynamics of the human range expansion across northeastern Eurasia during the late Pleistocene is central to establishing empirical temporal constraints on the colonization of the Americas. Opinions vary widely on how and when the Americas were colonized, with advocates supporting either a pre- or post- last glacial maximum (LGM) colonization, via either a land bridg...

[1] Oblique convergence is the general rule along convergent boundaries. Such convergence produces asymmetric deformation (topography) along the collision boundary. To quantify this asymmetry, we develop a method that allows us to calculate the asymmetry in topography with respect to a reference line drawn perpendicular to the collision boundary. The asymmetry in topography is presented as a nu...