This paper introduces our methodology for annotating variations in enunciative and modal commitment in a text. We first present the theoretical background of the study which puts the emphasis on the close interaction between time, aspect, modality and evidentiality (TAME) categories (and also markers). We then present our semantic resources which encompass not only lexical items, but also morph...

ASYMMETRY There exists a cross-linguistic asymmetry in availability of discourse items among adjunct clauses between because-clauses on one hand, and temporal clauses and if -clauses on the other (see examples (1) for English obviously , (2) for German ja and (3) for Japanese wa; see Hooper and Thompson 1973, Tenny 2002, Sawada and Larson 2004 among others for the same type of asymmetry with ot...

This paper discusses the meaning of the Bulgarian and Turkish evidentials. I argue that evidential forms in these languages have a rich semantic content: they encode the source of information, epistemic modality, and temporality. Ultimately, I show that the meaning of the Bulgarian and Turkish evidentials is not reducible to the meaning of perfect forms, from which the evidential forms are hist...

Reported speech in the form of direct and indirect reported speech is an important indicator of evidentiality in traditional newspaper texts, but also increasingly in the new media that rely heavily on citation and quotation of previous postings, as for instance in blogs or newsgroups. This paper details the basic processing steps for reported speech analysis and reports on performance of an im...

The field of Japanese modality has received a large amount of attention over the past several decades. In particular, the class of works commonly known as sentence-final particles (SFPs) has been of interest to a wide range of researchers. However, despite years of work a consistent analysis of SFPs and related aspects of Japanese modality has yet to emerge. This problem is compounded further b...

This study examined the influence of obligatory linguistic marking of the source of information on source memory. Turkish grammar requires speakers to indicate if an assertion is based on first hand knowledge or non-firsthand knowledge (hearsay or inference); English grammar does not require this distinction. We hypothesized that obligatory coding of source of evidence leads to a greater weight...