Injury, failure or success? Renin–angiotensin system inhibition in acute kidney injury Sir, The use of inhibitors of the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) in kidney disease requires that a balance be struck between long-term benefits to kidney health on the one hand and reductions in excretory function on the other. In proteinuric chronic kidney disease (CKD) management, some degree of functional ...

Lymphangiectasia (dilation of the lymphatic vessel (LV)) is pathognomonic for lymphatic filariasis. In both infected humans and animal models of infection, lymphangiectasia is not restricted to the site of the worm nest, but is found along the infected vessel. These observations argue that soluble products secreted by the worm could be mediating this effect by activating the lymphatic endotheli...

Fasciolosis diagnosis, due to low sensitivity of coprological diagnostic method has been challenging for a long period. In this study, Dot-ELISA, one of the simplest and the most sensitive tests in this regard, was evaluated using excretory-secretory antigens of Fasciola hepatica to diagnose human fasciolosis Three groups consisting of patients infected with fasciolosis (n= 95), patients with o...