this article seeks to identify and classify the micro factors affecting the implementation of poverty reduction policy in iran. the existence and spread of poverty in society, in spite of the existent policy programs is the sign of some weaknesses in the executive models of policy. policy making in the field of poverty reduction theoretically is classified into several categories different fact...

the main purpose of this essay is to review and criticize the paper published earlier in this journal, logical study, titled ‘the paradox of the informing from absolute unknown: analyzing the concept of information’ written by sharifzadeh and hodjati. in spite of having some useful points, the paper is, in several aspects, problematic. we review and criticize respectively such problematic point...

Abstract The Avicennian distinction between quiddity and existence opens the way to several derivative issues concerning of (what is) ontological status (whether how is). This paper presents a fine-grained account positions arguments developed by post-Avicennian authors on these matters, showing debates states ( aḥwāl ) grounding taʿlīl feed into picture. discussions revolve around features its...

We study the problem of estimating the mean of a multivariate distribution based on independent samples. The main result is the proof of existence of an estimator with a non-asymptotic sub-Gaussian performance for all distributions satisfying some mild moment assumptions.

This paper gives a proof of existence of price equilibria under certain parameters for a model of product differentiation commonly used in the empirical geographic differentiation literature. This proof is needed because the assumptions of Caplin and Nalebuff (1991) are not generally satisfied once data is introduced to geographic models. The theorem also has implications for existence in mixed...

Once one draws a distinction between loyal non-existent items, which do not exist in non-universal sense of the first-order existence predicate, and non-items, fail to universal that may allow for former but latter overall ontological domain, so as adopt form soft Parmenideanism. There are both theoretical empirical reasons this distinction.