نتایج جستجو برای: exosome activity

تعداد نتایج: 1137073  

2013
Jun-Hye Shin Hsiao-Lin V. Wang Jinwon Lee Brandon L. Dinwiddie Dmitry A. Belostotsky Julia A. Chekanova

The exosome functions throughout eukaryotic RNA metabolism and has a prominent role in gene silencing in yeast. In Arabidopsis, exosome regulates expression of a "hidden" transcriptome layer from centromeric, pericentromeric, and other heterochromatic loci that are also controlled by small (sm)RNA-based de novo DNA methylation (RdDM). However, the relationship between exosome and smRNAs in gene...

2017
Yuta MATSUNO Asuka ONUMA Yoshie A FUJIOKA Kazuma YASUHARA Wataru FUJII Kunihiko NAITO Koji SUGIURA

Cell-secreted vesicles, such as exosomes, have recently been recognized as mediators of cell communication. A recent study in cattle showed the involvement of exosome-like vesicles in the control of cumulus expansion, a prerequisite process for normal ovulation; however, whether this is the case in other mammalian species is not known. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the presence of exos...

2017
Akiko Takahashi Ryo Okada Koji Nagao Yuka Kawamata Aki Hanyu Shin Yoshimoto Masaki Takasugi Sugiko Watanabe Masato T Kanemaki Chikashi Obuse Eiji Hara

Emerging evidence is revealing that exosomes contribute to many aspects of physiology and disease through intercellular communication. However, the biological roles of exosome secretion in exosome-secreting cells have remained largely unexplored. Here we show that exosome secretion plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis in exosome-secreting cells. The inhibition of exosome sec...

Journal: :EMBO reports 2010
Hélène Malet Maya Topf Daniel K Clare Judith Ebert Fabien Bonneau Jerome Basquin Karolina Drazkowska Rafal Tomecki Andrzej Dziembowski Elena Conti Helen R Saibil Esben Lorentzen

The eukaryotic exosome is a key nuclease for the degradation, processing and quality control of a wide variety of RNAs. Here, we report electron microscopic reconstructions and pseudo-atomic models of the ten-subunit Saccharomyces cerevisiae exosome in the unbound and RNA-bound states. In the RNA-bound structures, extra density that is visible at the entry and exit sites of the exosome channel ...

Journal: :Cell 2005
Torben Heick Jensen Claire Moore

In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, RNA decay in the 3'-5' direction is carried out by a complex of exonucleases called the exosome. Surprisingly, the purified exosome shows only weak activity in vitro. Two papers in this issue of Cell, by LaCava et al. (2005) and Wyers et al. (2005), and a third report by Vanacova et al. (2005) help to solve this riddle by characterizing a new RNA decay-activa...

2012
Chenjie Yang Geetha Chalasani Yue-Harn Ng Paul D. Robbins

Mycoplasmas cause numerous human diseases and are common opportunistic pathogens in cancer patients and immunocompromised individuals. Mycoplasma infection elicits various host immune responses. Here we demonstrate that mycoplasma-infected tumor cells release exosomes (myco+ exosomes) that specifically activate splenic B cells and induce splenocytes cytokine production. Induction of cytokines, ...

Journal: :Biochimica et biophysica acta 2008
Alice Lebreton Bertrand Séraphin

The eukaryotic exosome is a multisubunit complex that is mainly responsible for 3'-5' exonucleolytic degradation of RNAs, both in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. In this review we summarize the recent experiments that have provided information on the organisation, structure and activity of this large assembly. Interestingly, eukaryotic exosomes have been implicated in a large number of RNA degra...

Journal: :Molecular biology of the cell 2006
Amy C Graham Daniel L Kiss Erik D Andrulis

The exosome complex plays important roles in RNA processing and turnover. Despite significant mechanistic insight into exosome function, we still lack a basic understanding of the subcellular locales where exosome complex biogenesis and function occurs. Here, we employ a panel of Drosophila S2 stable cell lines expressing epitope-tagged exosome subunits to examine the subcellular distribution o...

2016
Carolina Villarroya-Beltri Francesc Baixauli María Mittelbrunn Irene Fernández-Delgado Daniel Torralba Olga Moreno-Gonzalo Sara Baldanta Carlos Enrich Susana Guerra Francisco Sánchez-Madrid

Exosomes are vesicles secreted to the extracellular environment through fusion with the plasma membrane of specific endosomes called multivesicular bodies (MVB) and mediate cell-to-cell communication in many biological processes. Posttranslational modifications are involved in the sorting of specific proteins into exosomes. Here we identify ISGylation as a ubiquitin-like modification that contr...

Journal: :Cell 2006
Quansheng Liu Jaclyn C. Greimann Christopher D. Lima

The RNA exosome is a multisubunit 3' to 5' exoribonuclease complex that participates in degradation and processing of cellular RNA. To determine the activities and structure of the eukaryotic exosome, we report the reconstitution of 9-subunit exosomes from yeast and human and reconstitution of 10- and 11-subunit exosomes from yeast. Comparative biochemical analysis between purified subunits and...

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