objective(s): ex vivo expansion of hematopoitic stem cells is an alternative way to increase umbilical cord blood (ucb)-cd34+ cells for bone marrow transplantation. for this purpose demineralized bone matrix (dbm) and mineralized bone allograft (mba) as two scaffolds based on bone matrix and stem cell niche, were simultaneously used to enhance the effect of human mesenchymal progenitor cells (m...

A novel integrated optimization method is proposed to combine both generation and transmission line expansion problem considering bus voltage limit. Most of the existing researches on the combined generation and transmission expansion planning cannot consider bus voltages and reactive power flow limits because they are mostly based on the DC power flow model. In this paper the AC power flow mod...

We determined the effect of acute extracellular fluid volume changes on saline flow through 4 gut segments (ileocolonic, ileal, ileocolonic sphincter and proximal colon), perfused at constant pressure in anesthetized dogs. Two different experimental protocols were used: hypervolemia (iv saline infusion, 0.9% NaCl, 20 ml/min, volume up to 5% body weight) and controlled hemorrhage (up to a 50% dr...

heat exchangers are the critical components of refrigeration and liquefaction processes. selection of appropriate operational conditions for cryogenic recuperative heat exchanger and expansion valve operating in joule-thomson cooling system results in improving the performance and efficiency. in the current study, a straightforward procedure is introduced to design an efficient joule-thomson co...

The expansion of molten aluminum foam was studied to determine flow mechanisms in the cellular melt. The structure of the foaming melt evolved through a series of deformation stages before the foam stabilized and solidified. Changes in cell geometry during foam expansion were observed at different positions within the mold cavity and analyzed to determine flow mechanisms. The deformation patter...

Regarding the increased energy consumption of the processes at the operational units in the National Iranian Oil Company, the present study analyzed energy consumption at one of the gas refineries. In this refinery, which is the main supplier of Fajr Jam refinery for the national gas network, as well as an injection into the oil fields of the Iranian South oil company, the pressure of gas after...

In classical linear network flow (LNF) problems, a network consists of multiple source and sink nodes, where each node is a sink node or a source node, but not both. Usually, there is only one kind of commodity flow and the goal is to find flow schedules and routes such that all sink nodes’ flow demands are satisfied and the total flow transmission cost is minimized. We develop a capacity expan...

Two-phase flow distribution in evaporators has been shown to be directly affected by the development of the flow between the expansion device and the heat exchanger, namely, the separation characteristics of the two phases. For this reason the development of adiabatic two-phase R134a in an 8.7mm transparent PVC tube directly after an expansion valve was studied. This paper presents a mapping of...