The first kidney, liver and pancreas transplantations in Iran were carried out in Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 1968, 1992 and 2006, respectively. In the course of time, the need for transplanting organs from brain dead cases has increased in a way that transplantation section of the University is currently practicing more than 400 liver, 40 pancreas and 250 kidney transplantations a...

This paper analyzes fluid scale asymptotics of two models generalized Jackson networks employing the earliest deadline first (EDF) policy. One applies ‘soft’ EDF policy, where deadlines are used to determine priority but jobs do not renege, and other implements ‘hard’ EDF, renege when expire, postponed with each migration a new station. The arrival rates, distribution service capacity allowed f...

Current less-than-truckload (LTL) shipping practices allow for temperature abuse (TA) in the last segment (last mile) of food supply chain. When this TA is combined with “First In, First Out” product rotation methods, it could lead to spoilage and waste; therefore, data-based decision models are needed aid retail managers. An experiment was designed using pallets (4 layers/pallet × 5 boxes/laye...

BACKGROUND Lack of access to insulin and poor health outcomes are issues for both low and high income countries. This has been accompanied by a shift from relatively inexpensive human insulin to its more expensive analogs, marketed by three to four main global players. Nonetheless, patent-based market exclusivities are beginning to expire there for the first generation insulin analogs. This pap...

BACKGROUND Not all new drug products are truly new. Some are the result of marginal innovation and incremental patenting of existing products, but in such a way that confers no major therapeutic improvement. This phenomenon, pejoratively known as "evergreening", can allow manufacturers to preserve market exclusivity, but without significantly bettering the standard of care. Other studies specul...

In this study, we searched for signs of thixotropic behavior in human rib cage respiratory muscles. If rib cage respiratory muscles possess thixotropic properties similar to those seen in other skeletal muscles in animals and humans, we expect resting rib cage circumference would be temporarily changed after deep rib cage inflations or deflations and that these aftereffects would be particularl...

Mass production of low-cost antiretrovirals (ARVs) has already allowed over 17 million individuals to access treatment for HIV infection, mainly in low-income countries. It is possible to manufacture combination ARVs for $110 per person-year, using tenofovir (TDF), lamivudine (3TC) and efavirenz (EFV). New combinations of ARVs costing as little as $60 per person-year will be available in the ne...

experimental economics, continuous double auction, equilibration, market dynamics, price stability We present results from four experiments in which a simple continuous double auction market is operated on a network of computer terminals. Our experiments are based on those reported by Smith & Williams in a 1983 paper, but with one significant procedural difference: unlike in other experimental ...

The total number of solar power-producing facilities whose Feed-in Tariff (FIT) Program-based ten-year contracts will expire by 2023 is expected to reach approximately 1.65 million in Japan. If the that produce or consume renewable energy would increase a large number, e.g., two million, blockchain not be capable processing all transactions. In this work, we propose blockchain-based electricity...

<span>There is high competition between these minimarkets so many products sold in each minimarket are not until they expire. The aim of this study to help retail managers cluster minimarkets. data obtained will be processed using the hybrid mining approach by combining two methods mining. In first section, association uses FP-Growth algorithm, and second clustering K-means algorithm. Fro...