This report provides estimates of the external radiation exposure and whole body effective dose received by residents of the continental U.S. during the period 1953-2000 from nuclear weapons tests. Doses were calculated for tests carried out in the Pacific by the U.S. and U.K. and by the U.S.S.R. at various sites in the former Soviet Union during the years 1952-62. Estimates are given on a coun...

INTRODUCTION The largest contribution for the global population exposure to ionizing radiation arises from natural sources, especially from radionuclides present in terrestrial crust. Certain human activities may eventually increase such exposure to significant levels, from the point of view of radiological protection (1, 2). The presence of natural radionuclides in building materials may lead ...

background: the effect of natural background radiation on health is still controversial. however, it is clear that it depends on the dose received by the population. the estimation of external natural background gamma rays received by the population of caspian coastal provinces in the northern part of iran was the main goal of this study. materials and methods: gamma rays was measured using cal...

ID: 1109 Title: Integral Dose in External Beam Photon Radiotherapy Integral dose is the volume integral of the dose deposited in the patient and is equal to the mean dose times the volume. The integral dose is also the area under the curve of a differential dose absolute-volume histogram. It is widely believed that IMRT increases the integral dose to normal tissues as compared to conventional r...

The verification of the dose delivered to a patient during radiation therapy is a particularly important step for ensuring treatment quality. This step, known as in vivo dosimetry can be realized using a bidimensional dosimeter named Electronic Portal Imaging Device (EPID). However, few methods enable the determination of an accurate and fully personalized 3D dose distribution for the most curr...

This study presents the map of external effective annual dose rate (1:200,000 scale) due to terrestrial and cosmic radiation. The is assessed via gamma ray spectroscopy combining radiometric data from airborne surveys laboratory measurements. geostatistical method Collocated CoKriging used for spatial interpolation sparse data, adopting a high-resolution geological as ancillary information. obt...

Introduction: Rectal and bladder cancer are the most common disease among young man. Although External Radiotherapy (EBRT) is one of the most effective treatment options introduced so far, the testis undesired radiation dose increases the risk of infertility and hormonal malfunctioning. The testicles are usually outside of the radiation field, but they can be exposed either to ...