It is argued that support from an interface during problem solving can make interaction easier. Interfaces often display relevant information, making recall unnecessary and relieving working memory, called externalization. However, externalizing information might not necessarily instigate planning, understanding and knowledge acquisition from the user. In previous studies, the effects of extern...

QuickSite (St Jude Medical, Sylmar, CA, USA) is a silicone and polyurethane-insulated coronary sinus pacing lead. Riata lead (St Jude Medical, Sylmar, CA, USA) is a silicone insulated right ventricular shock lead. Recently, insulation breach of silicone based leads raised a huge concern. Fluoroscopic examination of these two leads in the same patient revealed externalization of these two leads....

This article explores why engineering students are committed to counterproductive practices. Student informants’ work practices appeared to coincide with lay stereotypes about what “good engineers” do, and they sought to justify those practices as rational. This externalization encouraged them to perform these practices more frequently. We characterize the relationship between the enactment of ...

IT is evident that ocular hypertension in glaucoma is usually due to an increased resistance to the outflow of the intra-ocular fluid. In about two-thirds of all patients there is no visible obstacle to the outflow in the anterior chamber angle (so-called wide-angle glaucoma); these pathological changes in the intramural pathways, starting from the trabecular meshwork, are usually held responsi...

In most personalized mobile services, the user model remains invisible, and users do not have control over it. Externalization of user models can allow users to get an overview the user model that is used for personalization, and adjust the profile and personalization effects to their needs and preferences. We have evaluated the interactive user model with 42 users, which were exposed to a prot...

1.Introduction 1.1Overview (1)研究全体の目的 ・協同がどのように抽象的で柔軟な問題解決へ導くか説明する。 :そのために、2 つの要因の議論に基づいて説明をする 1外的ソースの利用 2役割の変遷:Moniter と Doer ・この論文ではこれらの要因が相互作用をして解を生成することを示す (2)人間の高次の認知形態は内的ソースと外的ソースの相互作用 :外的ソース:物理的、社会的な環境 :内的ソース:積み上げられて構成された知識 ・問題解決プロセス 1外的環境における利用できるものの活用から始まる 2解を選別、統合してスキーマや抽象的な表象へ発展させ蓄積する 3新しい問題にそれを適用 ・抽象度の異なる解を多く生成することがキーであり協同によってこれがなされる ・外的ソースと内的ソースの相互作用を研究することが生産的な学習を促進する環境のデ ザインへと貢献す...

In the present paper we present a novel approach to improving national security, by improving the quality of intelligence analysis. We seek to reduce con rmation bias in intelligence analysis by improving the nature of the externalization tools. This is an extensive project and in the present paper we present its context and the rst experiment.