various stresses during life can affect metabolism and brain activities, immune and endocrine systems directly and indirectly, and ultimately, causes animal behavior change. the cellular and molecular level change in neurotransmitter and hormone concentrations led to the functional changes of operating systems in the intracellular organelles.  these events cause of course oxidative stress. all ...

Fracture-healing is a highly complex and timely orchestrated process. Non-healing fractures are still major clinical problem treatment remains difficult. A 16 Hz extremely low-frequency pulsed electromagnetic field (ELF-PEMF) was identified as non-invasive adjunct therapy supporting bone-healing by inducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) Ca2+-influx. However, ROS Ca2+-influx may stimulate neutro...

Zinc as an essential trace element was reported to be involved in regulation of the growth and aging of cells. In this study, rat adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) of 50 Hz and 20 mT to evaluate whether exposure to ELF-EMF in the presence of zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) affects the telomerase reverse transcriptase (...

generating stations, distribution lines, high voltage (HV) lines, and electric appliances. Increased speed of urbanization and per capita increase in the utilization of electricity is forcing all kinds of living bodies to be exposed to electromagnetic environment created by man-made sources. To meet the increased demands, electric power generation, distribution, and transmission networks are al...

conclusions no interactivity is present in modulatory effects of gabaa receptors and elf-emfs on serum testosterone of male rats. patients and methods fifty adult male rats were randomly assigned into 10 groups. groups 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 were exposed to elf-emf for 30 days 8hrs per day; while, the remaining groups (1, 3, 5, 7, and 9) were sham exposed animals. at the end of the experiment, anim...

background: indisputable population exposure to widespread electromagnetic fields, has grown concerns over the probable health effects of these fields. objective: the present study was aimed to examine the possible effects of 50 hz extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (elf-emf) exposure on the number and quality of mice blastocysts. materials and methods: in present study, 66 nmri preg...

Introduction: The present study investigated the interactive effect of GABAB receptors and extremely low frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF) on foot shock-induced aggression in rats. Methods: fifty adult male rats were randomly assigned into 10 groups. Groups 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 were exposed to 50 Hz, 500 µT ELF-EMF for 30 days 8h per day while the remaining groups (1, 3, 5, 7 and 9) were...

The aim of this paper is to discuss the effects of the exposure to Extremely Low Frequency ElectroMagnetic Fields (ELFEMFs) on nonand excitable cells using in vitro cell models, namely neuron-like cell line (PC12), glioblastoma-derived GL15 cells as glial model and C2C12 myocytes as muscle model, focusing our attention on standardized protocols for ELF-EMFs generation and exposure. A major issu...