As the demand for food and fiber grew during the past 300 years, because of the Earth’s expanding human population and rising per capita incomes, society met this demand first by increasing the land area under cultivation and later by improving crops so that their yields were higher. Before 1900, land was abundant almost everywhere, and in the United States, new lands were brought into producti...

Jacques Loeb [5] broadened and corrected his earlier claims concerning artificial parthenogenesis [6] in sea urchins in a series of experiments in 1900. He published these findings, ?Further Experiments on Artificial Parthenogenesis [4] and the Nature of The Process of Fertilization,? in a 1900 issue of The American Journal of Physiology. His new results amended those from earlier experiments h...

We present a nucleon resonance analysis by simultaneously considering all pionand photon-induced experimental data on the final states γN , πN , 2πN , ηN , KΛ, KΣ, and ωN for energies from the nucleon mass up to √ s = 2 GeV. In this analysis we find strong evidence for various higher lying resonances as, e.g., the P13(1900). The ωN production mechanism is dominated by large P11(1710) and P13(19...

P. W. Lamberti, A. P. Majtey, A. Borras, M. Casas, and A. Plastino Facultad de Matemática, Astronomía y Física, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Ciudad Universitaria, 5000 Córdoba, and CONICET, C.C. 727, La Plata 1900, Argentina Departament de Física and IFISC, Universitat de les Illes Balears, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain Instituto de Física La Plata, Universidad Nacional de La Plata and CON...

[Benjamin Elman is Professor of East Asian Studies and History at Princeton University. He specializes in late imperial Chinese intellectual history and in the history of science and education. His recent book is entitled On Their Own Terms: Science in China, 1550-1900 (Harvard University Press, 2005). Previously he has published A Cultural History of Civil Examinations in Late Imperial China, ...

Birth years ranged from 1862 to 1938; 16 births occurred before 1900, 23 between 1900 and 1909, 19 between 1910 and 1919, 22 between 1920 and 1929, and five between 1930 and 1939. Comparison with national values showed that 70 (82%) of the musicians exceeded their life expectancy; four-fifths of the Black men, three fourths of the White men, and all the women lived longer than expected as shown...

Numerous investigators have worked on the problem of determining the effect of small quantities of visible radiant energy on seedlings and other plants with stored foods. The literature is extensive and goes back over one hundred years. MAcDOUTGAL (6) has thoroughly reviewed the work before 1900 while TRUMPF (9) and BURKHOLDER (1) have reviewed this and much of the later work. The work before 1...