PURPOSE A youthful female upper eyelid contour includes a concave medial portion of the upper eyelid along with a fuller, convex lateral eyelid. The skin in the lateral eyelid is tight without hooding. This is a sigmoid shape in 3-dimensional terms. With aging, fatty herniation medially along with redundant, hooded, ptotic lateral skin creates the exact opposite eyelid curve. The sigmoid blepha...

Eyelid margin is one of the most challenging anatomic regions in human body and eyelid tumors raise special difficulties field periocular surgery based on anatomical, histological aesthetic points view.

OBJECTIVE To determine the force requirements, optimal vector, and appropriate materials of a novel eyelid sling device that will be used to rehabilitate eyelid closure (blink) in congenital or acquired permanent facial paralysis with an artificial muscle. METHODS The force required to close the eyelids in human cadavers (n = 6) were measured using a load cell system. The eyelid sling using e...

How Purkinje cell (PC) activity may be altered by learning is central to theories of the cerebellum. Pavlovian eyelid conditioning, because of how directly it engages the cerebellum, has helped reveal many aspects of cerebellar learning and the underlying mechanisms. Theories of cerebellar learning assert that climbing fiber inputs control plasticity at synapses onto PCs, and thus PCs control t...

BACKGROUND Postblepharoplasty lower eyelid retraction (PBLER) has been linked to anterior lamellar shortage, unaddressed eyelid laxity, and middle lamellar scarring. The authors believe there are other, less-appreciated physical findings (orbicularis weakness, negative-vector eyelid, and inferior eyelid/orbit volume deficit) that also influence the development and potentially the management of ...

OBJECTIVES To summarize the types and causes of unsatisfactory double eyelid results after double-eyelid blepharoplasty in Asian patients and to explore the corrective methods. METHODS Various methods are used to repair different types of unsatisfactory double-eyelid results following double-eyelid blepharoplasty. The basic principles are that scar adhesions should be released as much as poss...

The development of the eyelid requires coordinated cellular processes of proliferation, cell shape changes, migration and cell death. Mutant mice deficient in the fibroblast growth factor 10 (Fgf10) gene exhibit open-eyelids at birth. To elucidate the roles of FGF10 during eyelid formation, we examined the expression pattern of Fgf10 during eyelid formation and the phenotype of Fgf10-null eyeli...

BACKGROUND Internal eyelid spacer graft is routinely placed during lower eyelid retraction surgery, which may be unnecessary. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the efficacy of lower eyelid retraction surgery without internal graft in select cases. METHODS Retrospective analysis of patients undergoing reconstructive lower eyelid retraction surgery without internal graft, by one surgeon from 2013 to 201...

Controversy persists in surgical eyelid anatomy despite the routine use of microanatomical examination in modern eyelid research. The aim of our study was to facilitate visualisation of upper eyelid anatomy by optimising the orientation of cadaveric specimens. We studied the anatomy of everted eyelids, providing an excellent histological view of the posterior approach to the eyelid commonly use...

To reduce the influence of the eyelid for the iris recognition rate, an eyelid detection algorithm for the iris recognition is proposed. The grayscale morphological operations are employed to remove the interference of the eyelash and the light spot to the eyelid region. The points of the minimum grayscale value of each column in the eyelid region are extracted as edge points. The least squares...