This thesis aims at elucidating the role of auditory feedback in the learning and planning of complex articulatory gestures in time-varying phonemes. To this end, we studied native Mandarin speakers' responses to perturbations of their auditory feedback of the first and second formant trajectories during the production of the Mandarin triphthong /iau/. On the group level, subjects adaptively ad...

The In Focus section of this issue of IAU Horizons examines the issues surrounding tuition fees in a series of analyses by authors Vice-Chancellors and higher education experts from the USA, UK, Sweden, South Africa, Thailand, Korea and Australia. A global perspective is provided by Eric Charbonnier, of the OECD Education and Competences Unit, who identifies four different tuition fee models an...

Abstract. The four-dimensional local ensemble transform Kalman filter (4D-LETKF) data assimilation system for the whole neutral atmosphere is updated to better represent disturbances with wave periods shorter than 1 d in mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. First, incremental analysis update (IAU) filtering introduced reduce generation of spurious waves arising from insertion updates...

This article offers a close reading of two sections Karl Barth’s Church Dogmatics, i.e., §70.1 “The True Witness” and §70.2 Falsehood Man” against the background post-truth environment. A brief discussion phenomenon highlights how some strands resistance to it trade on binary objective subjective approaches truth epistemology, insisting triumph former over latter as way overcoming problems know...

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A hybrid Hidden Markov Model (HMM) Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) system was proposed to automatically select tokens of /iau/, /ai/, /ei/, /m/ and /n/ in a database of recordings of Standard-Chinese speech collected under studio-clean, mobile-landline degraded and mismatched recording conditions. The FVC systems constructed were all MFCC GMM-UBM systems, but based on different portions of the rec...