The composition of liver cholesterol esters is the net resultant of several metabolic processes, including the uptake of chylomicron cholesterol esters originating in the intestinal tract (l), hydrolysis (2) and synthesis of cholesterol esters in the liver, and transport from the liver of cholesterol esters incorporated into plasma lipoproteins (3). Recent studies in viva have shown substantial...

Pyridine is a prototypical inducer of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2E1, an enzyme associated with cellular oxidative stress and membrane damage. To better understand the effect of this treatment on cellular lipids, the influence of pyridine exposure (100 mg/kg/day i.p. for 5 days) on fatty acids, fatty esters, and fatty alcohol ethers in brain, heart, liver, and adipose tissue from male Swiss Webster ...

Biodiesel is a renewable alternative to petroleum diesel fuel that can contribute to carbon dioxide emission reduction and energy supply. Biodiesel is composed of fatty acid alkyl esters, including fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) and fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs), and is currently produced through the transesterification reaction of methanol (or ethanol) and triacylglycerols (TAGs). TAGs are...

The use of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) as supplements has prompted the development of concentrated formulations to overcome compliance problems. The present study compares three concentrated preparations - ethyl esters, free fatty acids and re-esterified triglycerides - with placebo oil in a double-blinded design, and with fish body oil and cod liver oil in single-blinded ...

A set of 13 fatty acids was transformed into their phenacyl esters by reaction with phenacyl bromide in acetonitrile using 18-crown-6 as phase-transfer catalyst. Conditions for the RP-18 HPL chromatographic separation of most of the esters has been worked out. Using this standard the fatty acid spectra from skin surface sebum lipids of 17 test persons was taken after microwave-assisted hydrolys...

THE PROCEDURE of Stoffel, Chu, and Ahrens (1) for preparing and separating the methyl esters of fatty acids and the dimethylacetals (DMA) when applied to brain lipid extracts proved adequate for the nonoxygenated fatty acids and DMA. Some of the cholesterol in the extract, however, was converted to derivatives, one of which, A3kholestadiene (2), sublimed along with the methyl esters and the DMA...

Rat liver peroxisomes contain three acyl-CoA oxidases: palmitoyl-CoA oxidase, which oxidizes the CoA esters of straight chain fatty acids and prostaglandins; pristanoyl-CoA oxidase, which oxidizes the CoA esters of 2-methyl-branched fatty acids (e.g. pristanic acid); and trihydroxycoprostanoyl-CoA oxidase, which oxidizes the CoA esters of the bile acid intermediates di- and trihydroxycoprostani...

We describe how pathway engineering can be used to convert a single intermediate derived from lipid biosynthesis, fatty aldehydes, into a variety of biofuel precursors including alkanes, free fatty acids and wax esters. In cyanobacteria, long-chain acyl-ACPs can be reduced to fatty aldehydes, and then decarbonylated to alkanes. We discovered a cyanobacteria class-3 aldehyde-dehydrogenase, AldE,...

Wastes produced during fermentation and distillation of crude sugarcane juice in rum factories were evaluated as a new source of waxes. The chemical composition of the crude wax extracted from adsorbat of the wastes on fuller's earth was studied by GC-mass spectrometry. Series of linear alkanes (C19-C33), and wax esters constitute the main components. In addition, phytosterols, triterpene methy...

Mycolic acids were detected in both reference strains and clinical isolates of mycobacteria using gas chromatography of fatty acid methyl esters prepared by acid methanolysis. The methyl esters were extracted with hexane, concentrated, and analyzed with a gas chromatograph by using two different injector temperatures. When the samples were analyzed at high injector temperatures of 300 to 350 de...