Probiotic as a term is a relatively new word meaning “for life” and it is currently used to describe a group of bacteria when administered in sufficient quantity, confer beneficial effects for humans and animals [1]. The concept of probiotic bacteria is very old, and is associated with the consumption of fermented foods by human beings, for thousands of years. Since ancient times, man has made ...

Probiotic Science: Past, Present and Future Some microorganisms including bacteria, yeasts, moulds and even algae are associated with fermented foods, forming a complex ecosystem. Among these organisms, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are responsible for most of the physicochemical and aromatic transformations that are intrinsic to the fermentation process. LAB were first isolated from milk and have...

The objective of the present study was to evaluate the consequence of Camembert consumption on the composition and metabolism of human intestinal microbiota. Camembert cheese was compared with milk fermented by yoghurt starters and Lactobacillus casei as a probiotic reference. The experimental model was the human microbiota-associated (HM) rat. HM rats were fed a basal diet (HMB group), a diet ...

Tripeptides isoleucyl-prolyl-proline (IPP) and valyl-prolyl-proline (VPP) act as ACE inhibitors in vitro. Double transgenic rats (dTGR) harbouring human renin and human angiotensinogen genes develop malignant hypertension due to increased angiotensin II formation. The present study was aimed to evaluate possible antihypertensive effect of IPP and VPP in this severe model. Four-week-old dTGR wer...

281 day-care attending children in Croatia, were selected to participate in this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Over three months, the treatment group (139 children) received LGG in 100 mL of a fermented milk product. A matching placebo group (142 children) received the same fermented milk product, but without LGG. The children were not allowed to consume any other probioti...

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG was assessed for its ability to alleviate DSS-induced colitis in mice and activate epidermal growth factor receptor and Akt signaling in intestinal epithelial cells. In this study mice were treated with DSS to induce colitis and they were given Lactobacillus GG fermented milk to assess the effect of probiotic on colitis. Lactobacillus GG fermented milk significantly r...

Kefir is an Old World food that has been attributed with exceptional health promoting and curative properties since the beginning of recorded history. It is a tangy, slightly fizzy (about 1% alcohol), fermented milk beverage that looks a little like yogurt. It is rich in protein, calcium, vitamin B12, niacin, and folic acid. Kefir and yogurt were popular at the turn of the 20th century, when sc...

Milk is one of the most affordable source of many nutritions like proteins and vitamins. Many people do not like to consume milk in its liquid form. Therefore, there are several products which are made out milk called as Dairy Products, which preserve the nutritive values of milk and makes it easily acceptable to consumers. One such class of products, is the fermented dairy products. In India t...

The rapid expansion of commercially available fermented food products raises important safety issues particularly when infant food is concerned. In many cases, the activity of the microorganisms used for fermentation as well as what will be the immunological outcome of fermented food intake is not known. In this manuscript we used complex in vitro, ex-vivo and in vivo systems to study the immun...

Fermented milk proteins have been reported to be used for prevention and treatment of various diseases. This study was designed to investigate the anticancer effect of goat milk fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus paracasei. In vitro anticancer activity was studied using HeLa cell lines. HeLa cells were treated with milk hydrolysates and incubated at 37C for 4 h and the cell...