−− The typical microbiological groups reported in literature under the experienced environmental conditions are present in the biofilm structure investigated on sand particles. This is concluded based on microorganism morphology analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. Methanosarcina sp. (acetate consumers) and filamentous microorganisms with morphology similar to Methanospirillum sp. (H2-util...

Plant cell wall is mainly composed by cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. The heterogeneous structure and composition of the hemicellulose are key impediments to its depolymerization and subsequent use in fermentation processes. Thus, this study aimed to perform a screening of thermophilic and thermotolerant filamentous fungi collected from different regions of the São Paulo state, and analyze...

Filamentous fungi are microorganisms of great biotechnological interest due to their ability to synthesize a variety of bioactive secondary metabolites including β-lactam antibiotics, such as penicillins and cephalosporins. Hydrophobic (with aromatic side chains) penicillins are only produced by fungi, mainly Penicillium chrysogenum and Aspergillus (Emericella) nidulans, whereas hydrophilic cep...

Some indigenous microorganisms localize on epithelial surfaces in various areas of the digestive tracts of animals. One of these, a segmented, filamentous microbe, localizes on the epithelium in the small bowels of mice and rats. These filamentous microbes colonize mice at weaning time and persist in adult animals for at least 2 months. Results of the study of light and electron micrographs sug...

The unique structure of the human eye as well as exposure of the eye directly to the environment renders it vulnerable to a number of uncommon infectious diseases caused by fungi and parasites. Host defenses directed against these microorganisms, once anatomical barriers are breached, are often insufficient to prevent loss of vision. Therefore, the timely identification and treatment of the inv...

Abstract The production of bioproducts from microorganisms is a common practice in many industries for long time now. In recent years, studies have proved that co-culturing increase the yield products by synergistically degrading solid substrate comparison with individual cultures. review highlights benefits using state fermentation (SSF) to achieve higher productivity. Filamentous fungi genus ...

The sugarcane weevil, Sphenophorus levis, is a wide-spread sugarcane pest in Brazil. Sphenophorus levis may depend on microorganisms that inhabit its intestinal tract. We examined the diversity of the gut microbiota of S. levis, which was characterized using culture-dependent and culture-independent methods. Analysis of 16S rRNA amplified directly from the gut community revealed the prese...

Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immunoallergic disease characterized by a prominent interstitial infiltrate composed predominantly of lymphocytes secreting inflammatory cytokines. Dendritic cells (DCs) are known to play a pivotal role in the lymphocytic response. However, their cross talk with microorganisms that cause HP has yet to be elucidated. This study aimed to investigate the ini...

To make food resources accessible, provide supplemental nutrition and fend off parasites, animals, including humans, often rely on symbiotic microorganisms (Dethlefsen et al. 2007; Rosenberg et al. 2007; Klepzig et al. 2009). In contrast, many microbes, such as filamentous fungi or bacteria, render food sources unpalatable to animals (Janzen 1977; Burkepile et al. 2006; Rozen et al. 2008). Inse...

microorganisms are important components of soil. some soil filamentous fungi such aspenicilium produce many bioactive small molecules, or secondary metabolites, that range frombeneficial bioactive compounds to harmful toxins. in this study, the metabolites of threepenicillium species (p. goditanum, p. moldavicum and p. corylophilum) were extracted byadding ethyl acetate to liquid cultures. the ...