The clinical determination of the intravascular volume can be extremely difficult in critically ill and injured patients as well as those undergoing major surgery. This is problematic because fluid loading is considered the first step in the resuscitation of hemodynamically unstable patients. Yet, multiple studies have demonstrated that only approximately 50% of hemodynamically unstable patient...

Microscale roughness on an otherwise smooth hydrophobic surface can significantly reduce the resistance to an external liquid flow. We study static drag reduction over a lubricantinfused surface by looking at an array of two-dimensional transverse grooves partially filled with a second immiscible fluid. Numerical simulations at separate length scales are used to probe the static drag reduction ...

Sepsis could produce myocardial depression and typically it affects the left ventricle (LV). Sepsis could also affect right ventricle (RV), in addition to the interdependence with LV. RV pressure may be elevated secondary to pulmonary vasoconstriction, leading to RV dysfunction. Unlike LV, RV is poorly prepared to compensate for acute overload. Aggressive volume replacement may be vital to main...

Forced convection in a tube with its core partially filled with a porous medium is treated both analytically and numerically to find its high heat transfer performance. Assuming a fully developed flow subject to a constant heat flux, both friction factor and Nusselt number are presented explicitly as functions of the Reynolds number, Darcy number and porous core diameter ratio. Partial filling ...

As Eulerian description is generally used for the simulation of filling flow problems in the powder injection molding process, and the governing equation of the filling state takes the form of an advection equation, the distortion can be easily produced when dealing with the filling process in complex cavities, such as the similar channels in shapes of K and L, inside which the phenomena of opp...

OBJECTIVES It is largely unknown why extravascular lung water may increase during fluid loading in the critically ill with presumed hypovolemia. In this study we evaluated the hemodynamic predictors of such an increase. DESIGN A prospective observational study. PATIENTS Sixty-three presumed hypovolemic mechanically ventilated patients (22 septic and 41 nonseptic patients). INTERVENTION Fl...

Accurate identification of fluid responsiveness has become an important issue in critically ill patients. Pulse pressure and stroke volume variation have been shown to be reliable predictors of fluid responsiveness. Apart from these two valuable techniques, echo-Doppler offers an interesting alternative for estimating the adequacy of filling. Acoustic quantification is a high-tech tool for deli...

We report the implementation of an in-fiber optical switch by means of filling a fluid into the air holes of a photonic crystal fiber with a fiber Bragg grating. Such a switch can turn on/off light transmission with an extinction ratio of up to 33 dB within a narrow wavelength range (Bragg wavelength) via a small temperature adjustment of +/-5 degrees C. The switching function is based on the t...

In this study we implemented the network simulation techniques using macromodels (lumped models) for capillary driven flows in microfluidic networks. The flow characteristics in a flow junction, such as meniscus stretching and bifurcation, were studied and their effects on filling time as well as pressure drop were explored for various network configurations. The results from the network simula...

AIM To investigate the correlation between fluid transport and dislocation resistance in canals filled with a methacrylate-based filling material. METHODOLOGY The root canals in sixty-five single-rooted human teeth were prepared to size 40, 0.06 taper. Sixty roots were filled with a single-cone technique using RealSeal SE sealer and divided into 3 groups, whilst five roots served as fluid tra...