An immunosuppressive variant of Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV), FIS-2, induces suppression of the primary antibody response against sheep erythrocytes (SRBC) in adult NMRI mice more efficiently than the prototype F-MuLV clone 57 (cl.57). It is, however, less potent than F-MuLV cl.57 in inducing erythroleukemia upon inoculation into newborn NMRI mice. Nucleotide sequence analysis shows a ...

In Escherichia coli transcription of the tRNA operon thrU (tufB) and the rRNA operon rrnB is trans-activated by the protein FIS. This protein, which stimulates the inversion of various viral DNA segments, binds specifically to a cis-acting sequence (designated UAS) upstream of the promoter of thrU (tufB) and the P1 promoter of the rrnB operon. There are indications that this type of regulation ...

The Escherichia coli DNA binding protein FIS is a transcriptional modulator involved in the regulation of many cellular processes, including the activation of rRNA synthesis. High-level overproduction of FIS in early, mid, or late log cultures resulted in growth-phase- and media-specific variations in cell growth, rRNA synthesis, and ribosome content. FIS overproduction caused a pronounced incr...

Image segmentation on surgical images plays a vital role in diagnosing and analyzing the anatomy of human body. The area of image segmentation has made an extensive ideology for classifying biomedical images. One such application for segmenting and classifying MRI brain images using fuzzy based control theory is proposed in this project. A special technique called FIS is used in brain image seg...

BACKGROUND Aging causes physiological and functional changes that impair pulmonary function. Incentive spirometry is widely used for lung expansion, but the effects of volume-oriented incentive spirometry (VIS) versus flow-oriented incentive spirometry (FIS) on chest wall volumes, inspiratory muscle activity, and thoracoabdominal synchrony in the elderly are poorly understood. We compared VIS a...

The adhE gene of Escherichia coli encodes a multifunctional ethanol oxidoreductase whose expression is 10-fold higher under anaerobic than aerobic conditions. Transcription of the gene is under the negative control of the Cra (catabolite repressor-activator) protein, whereas translation of the adhE mRNA requires processing by RNase III. In this report, we show that the expression of adhE also d...

Seed development in flowering plants is initiated by the fusion of two male gametes with two female gametes--the egg cell and the central cell--which leads to the formation of an embryo and an endosperm, respectively. Fertilization-independent seed formation is actively repressed by the FERTILIZATION-INDEPENDENT SEED (FIS) Polycomb group (PcG) proteins, an evolutionarily conserved class of prot...

Binding of the Escherichia coli global transcription factor FIS to the upstream activating sequence (UAS) of stable RNA promoters activates transcription on the outgrowth of cells from stationary phase. Paradoxically, while these promoters require negative supercoiling of DNA for optimal activity, FIS counteracts the increase of negative superhelical density by DNA gyrase. We demonstrate that b...

Fusion of Artificial Neural Networks (ANN) and Fuzzy Inference Systems (FIS) have attracted the growing interest of researchers in various scientific and engineering areas due to the growing need of adaptive intelligent systems to solve the real world problems. ANN learns from scratch by adjusting the interconnections between layers. FIS is a popular computing framework based on the concept of ...

FIS (factor for inversion stimulation) is a small dimeric DNA-bending protein which both stimulates DNA inversion and activates transcription at stable RNA promoters in Escherichia coli. Both these processes involve the initial formation of a complex nucleoprotein assembly followed by local DNA untwisting at a specific site. We have demonstrated previously that at the tyrT promoter three FIS di...