We report a new synthesis of best estimates of the inputs of fixed nitrogen to the world ocean via atmospheric deposition and compare this to fluvial inputs and dinitrogen fixation. We evaluate the scale of human perturbation of these fluxes. Fluvial inputs dominate inputs to the continental shelf, and we estimate that about 75% of this fluvial nitrogen escapes from the shelf to the open ocean....

This paper presents a novel optimization-based full-pose trajectory tracking method to control overactuated multi-rotor aerial vehicles with limited actuation abilities. The proposed allocates feasible inputs track reference trajectory, while ensuring the of position, and closest attitude. optimization simultaneously searches for corresponding from infinite possible solutions, smooth inputs. re...

In a non-market environment, there is no pressure coming from competitors that leads firms toward efficiency. Public education system is the target of many critiques as being such an example of inefficiency. Some papers attempted to measure the level of inefficiency of schools or school districts using different methods. Unfortunately, those methods do not include an important aspect of the sch...

The relative pose dynamics for the feature points of two nearby rigid bodies is modeled in body-fixed coordinated system controlled chaser. Then, a novel model-based fixed-time motion controller developed active chaser to achieve target’s feature-point position tracking and attitude synchronization under constrained control inputs model uncertainties. In particular, convergence time states pres...

Patients whose deficits were limited to clinically well qualified vestibular disorders have been exposed to a number of altered support surface and visual environments while standing unsupported. A six-degrees-of-freedom platform employing movable support surfaces for each foot and a movable visual surround deprived patients of normal inputs derived from a fixed level support surface and from a...

A solution for achieving blind separation for underdetermined systems is to use an overcomplete basis function set that has the ability to span all possible inputs. Ideally, such a basis would be learned for each set of inputs but this is computationally expensive. A less processor intensive system is shown using a fixed dictionary of basis functions learned from existing sources and reduced us...

A bipartite concentrator is a single stage sparse crossbar switching device that can connect any m of its n ≥ m inputs to its m outputs possibly without the ability to distinguish their order. Fat-and-slim crossbars were introduced recently to show that bipartite concentrators can be constructed with a minimum number of crosspoints for any number of inputs and outputs. We generalize these graph...

Exosystem: A dynamical system modelling the set of all exogenous inputs (command/disturbances) affecting a controlled plant. Internal Model: A model of the exogenous inputs (command/disturbances) affecting a controlled plant, embedded in the interior of the controller. Generalized Tracking Problem: The problem of designing a controller able to asymptotically track/reject any exogenous command/d...

Iterative learning control is a feedforward control technique applied to systems or processes that operate in a repetitive fashion over a fixed interval of time to improve tracking/regulation performance in response to reference inputs/disturbance inputs that are repeatable in each cycle. In this paper, learning control is applied to coil-to-coil gauge and tension control during the thread-up p...